Mid-infrared frequency comb for broadband high precision and sensitivity molecular spectroscopy

Galli, Iacopo; Bartalini, S.; Cancio, P.; Cappelli, Francesco; Giusfredi, G.; Mazzotti, D.; Akikusa, Naota; Yamanishi, Masamichi; Natale, P. De

doi:10.1364/ol.39.005050

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The technique allows precision spectroscopic measurements of transition frequencies and linewidths with the individual comb lines [28], but unless the comb source and the cavity are well stabilized, it suffers from rather poor detection sensitivity [29]. Comb-resolved VS has been demonstrated in the MIR range, but the cavity was used only as a filter and the sample was placed outside the cavity, thus not benefiting from the enhancement of the interaction length [30].…”

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confidence: 99%

Mid-infrared continuous-filtering Vernier spectroscopy using a doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator

et al. 2017

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We present a continuous-filtering Vernier spectrometer operating in the 3.15-3.4 µm range, based on a femtosecond doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator, a cavity with a finesse of 340, a grating mounted on a galvo scanner and two photodiodes. The spectrometer allows acquisition of one spectrum spanning 250 nm of bandwidth in 25 ms with 8 GHz resolution, sufficient for resolving molecular lines at atmospheric pressure. An active lock ensures good frequency and intensity stability of the consecutive spectra and enables continuous signal acquisition and efficient averaging. The relative frequency scale is calibrated using a Fabry-Perot etalon or, alternatively, the galvo scanner position signal. We measure spectra of pure CH 4 as well as dry and laboratory air and extract CH 4 and H 2 O concentrations by multiline fitting of model spectra. The figure of merit of the spectrometer is 1.7×10 −9 cm −1 Hz −1/2 per spectral element and the minimum detectable concentration of CH 4 is 360 ppt Hz -1/2 , averaging down to 90 ppt after 16 s.

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confidence: 99%

Mid-infrared continuous-filtering Vernier spectroscopy using a doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator

et al. 2017

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“…Here, we stabilize the mid-infrared CW-OPO directly to a phase-stabilized mid-infrared frequency comb, produced by half-harmonic generation with a synchronously pumped degenerate femtosecond OPO (fs-OPO). Similar methods based on a mid-infrared comb produced by difference frequency generation have previously been used to stabilize quantum cascade lasers working in the mid-infrared region [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency comb assisted two-photon vibrational spectroscopy

et al. 2017

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We report a setup for high-resolution two-photon spectroscopy using a mid-infrared continuous wave optical parametric oscillator (CW-OPO) and a near-infrared diode laser as the excitation sources, both of which are locked to fully stabilized optical frequency combs. The diode laser is directly locked to a commercial near-infrared optical frequency comb using an optical phaselocked loop. The near-infrared frequency comb is also used to synchronously pump a degenerate femtosecond optical parametric oscillator to produce a fully stabilized mid-infrared frequency comb. The beat frequency between the mid-infrared comb and the CW-OPO is then stabilized through frequency locking. We used the setup to measure a double resonant twophoton transition to a symmetric vibrational state of acetylene with a sub-Doppler resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio.© 2017 Optical Society of America. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modifications of the content of this paper are prohibited. Bartalini, and P. De Natale, "Subkilohertz linewidth room-temperature mid-infrared quantum cascade laser using a molecular sub-Doppler reference," Opt. Lett. 37(23), 4811-4813 (2012). 9.

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“…More recently, mid-infrared OFCs have been observed in quantum cascade lasers, both in the mid-infrared and terahertz ranges [9][10][11], and attempts at modeling their dynamics are in progress [12][13][14][15]. Materials with second-order susceptibility, χ (2) , have been used to indirectly replicate or extend an existing frequency comb, otherwise generated, to different spectral regions, exploiting different χ (2) processes, like difference frequency generation [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], parametric generation in synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) [24][25][26][27][28], and harmonic up-conversion [29][30][31]. Quadratic nonlinear crystals have been exploited in laser cavities for mode-locked emission: acting as electro-optic modulator in active mode-locking schemes [32,33], and as nonlinear mirror or nonlinear lens in passive schemes [34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct generation of optical frequency combs in χ⁽²⁾ nonlinear cavities

et al. 2016

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Quadratic nonlinear processes are currently exploited for frequency comb transfer and extension from the visible and near infrared regions to other spectral ranges where direct comb generation cannot be accomplished. However, frequency comb generation has been directly observed in continuously pumped quadratic nonlinear crystals placed inside an optical cavity. At the same time, an introductory theoretical description of the phenomenon has been provided, showing a remarkable analogy with the dynamics of third-order Kerr microresonators. Here, we give an overview of our recent work on χ (2) frequency comb generation. Furthermore, we generalize the preliminary three-wave spectral model to a many-mode comb and present a stability analysis of different cavity field regimes. Although our work is a very early stage, it lays the groundwork for a novel class of highly efficient and versatile frequency comb synthesizers based on second-order nonlinear materials.

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Mid-infrared frequency comb for broadband high precision and sensitivity molecular spectroscopy

Cited by 40 publications

References 35 publications

Mid-infrared continuous-filtering Vernier spectroscopy using a doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator

Mid-infrared continuous-filtering Vernier spectroscopy using a doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator

Frequency comb assisted two-photon vibrational spectroscopy

Direct generation of optical frequency combs in χ⁽²⁾ nonlinear cavities

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Mid-infrared frequency comb for broadband high precision and sensitivity molecular spectroscopy

Cited by 40 publications

References 35 publications

Mid-infrared continuous-filtering Vernier spectroscopy using a doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator

Mid-infrared continuous-filtering Vernier spectroscopy using a doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator

Frequency comb assisted two-photon vibrational spectroscopy

Direct generation of optical frequency combs in χ(2) nonlinear cavities

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Product

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Direct generation of optical frequency combs in χ⁽²⁾ nonlinear cavities