Mid-Cretaceous, primitive alkaline magmatism in the Northern Calcareous Alps: Significance for Austroalpine Geodynamics

Trommsdorff, Volkmar; Dietrich, Volker; Flisch, Markus; Stille, Peter; Ulmer, Peter

doi:10.1007/bf01830448

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although rifting of the Pennine oceans was basically nonvolcanic (e.g., Manatschal & Bernoulli, 1999), it was postdated by widespread in time and space but volumetrically negligible alkaline basaltic volcanism. Volcanic products, mostly submarine hyaloclastic lava flows, occurred on passive continental margins of the Pennine rifts (distal European Silesian margin, Oravic Czorsztyn continental ribbon, and extended Austroalpine margin); e.g., Dostal and Owen (1998), Spišiak et al (2011, and references therein), Spišiak (1988, 1993), Spišiak and Hovorka (1997), and Trommsdorff et al (1990). In general, the first manifestations of this volcanism were detected in the Berriasian Tatric and Oravic successions around 145-140 Ma ago (Madzin et al, 2014;Oszczypko et al, 2012;Reháková et al, 2011), and then occurred throughout the Cretaceous with the main activity during the Aptian to Albian, that is, 125-100 Ma ago (Birkenmajer & Pécskay, 2000;Bujnovský et al, 1981;Grabowski et al, 2003;Lucińska-Anczkiewicz et al, 2002;Spišiak & Balogh, 2002) with extension into the Late Cretaceous (Spišiak et al, 2011).…”

Section: Tectonic Development Of the Pieniny And Magura Beltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuity and Episodicity in the Early Alpine Tectonic Evolution of the Western Carpathians: How Large‐Scale Processes Are Expressed by the Orogenic Architecture and Rock Record Data

Plašienka

2018

Tectonics

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The early Alpine tectonic evolution of the Western Carpathian orogenic system is differentiated into four main periods: (i) Middle-Late Triassic rifting and spreading of the Meliata Ocean, but its relationships to the Tethyan realm remain uncertain; (ii) Jurassic subduction of the Meliata oceanic lithosphere and coeval rifting of the Carpathian lower plate and oceanic breakup and spreading of the Atlantic-related Piemont-Váh Ocean, as well as short-term back-arc rifting of the Adriatic upper plate; (iii) Early Cretaceous slow and continuous but intermittent growth of the asymmetric, doubly vergent orogenic wedge still driven by the Meliata slab, concurrently with expansion of the outer Pennine oceanic zones; and (iv) Late Cretaceous to Middle Eocene northward drift of the Adriatic microplate with Austroalpine domains appended at its front that eliminated the external oceanic zones with intervening continental ribbons and sequentially accreted the Carpathian Penninic units. While dynamics of the periods (i) and (iv) was governed by the large-scale plate motions, periods (ii) and (iii) are interpreted as driven by the self-generated forces exerted by the subduction pull of oceanic and lower continental lithosphere. Tectonic evolution of particularly the latter two periods is documented in detail by rich structural, sedimentary, metamorphic, and magmatic rock records. It is inferred that periods of accelerating activity of the orogenic wedge progradation, distinguished as the regional tectonic phases, resulted from interactions between buildup of tectonic stresses and their structural realization dependent on the rheological properties of crustal rocks.

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Section: Tectonic Development Of the Pieniny And Magura Beltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuity and Episodicity in the Early Alpine Tectonic Evolution of the Western Carpathians: How Large‐Scale Processes Are Expressed by the Orogenic Architecture and Rock Record Data

Plašienka

2018

Tectonics

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“…The new continental margins drowned, ending shallow marine deposition, and pelagic sediments settled throughout the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. Upper Albian basanitic dykes and sills locally intruded these sediments (Richter, 1928;Trommsdorff et al, 1990).…”

Section: Tectonic Evolution Of the Northern Calcareousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural evidence of in-sequence and out-of-sequence thrusting in the Karwendel mountains and the tectonic subdivision of the western Northern Calcareous Alps

Kilian

Ortner

2019

Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences

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We present the results of a field study in the Karwendel mountains in the western Northern Calcareous Alps, where we analysed the boundary between two major thrust sheets in detail in a key outcrop where nappe tectonics had been recognized already at the beginning of the 20th century. We use the macroscopic structural record of thrust sheet transport in the footwall and hanging wall of this boundary, such as folds, foliation and faults. In the footwall, competent stratigraphic units tend to preserve a full record of deformation while incompetent units get pervasively overprinted and only document the youngest deformation.Transport across the thrust persisted throughout the deformation history of the Northern Calcareous Alps from the late Early Cretaceous to the Miocene. As a consequence of transtensive, S-block down strike-slip tectonics, postdating folding of the major thrust, new out-of-sequence thrusts formed that climbed across the step, and ultimately placed units belonging to the footwall of the initial thrust onto its hanging wall.One of these out-of-sequence thrusts had been used to delimit the uppermost large thrust sheet (Inntal thrust sheet) of the western Northern Calcareous against the next, tectonically deeper, (Lechtal) thrust sheet. Based on the structural geometry of the folded thrust and the age of the youngest sediments below the thrust, we redefine the thrust sheets, and name the combined former Inntal- and part of the Lechtal thrust sheet as the new Karwendel thrust sheet and the former Allgäu- and part of the Lechtal thrust sheet as the new Tannheim thrust sheet.

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“…This closure in the Austroalpine domain produced HP rocks dated between 150 and 95 Ma (Thöni and Jagoutz, 1993) and HP detrital minerals are recycled in Turonian flysch in the eastern Alps (Winkler and Bernoulli, 1986). Early Cretaceous (Albian) primitive alkaline volcanism found in the Northern Calcareous Alps (Trommsdorff et al, 1990) preclude the existence of any subduction zone in the Austrian Penninic ocean at least before that time. Subduction of the Penninic oceanic domain might have started as late as the Campanian as shown by the rapid deepening of the Gosau basin at that time (Wagreich, 1993).…”

Section: How Many Slabs How Many Subduction Zones and The Arc Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subduction and obduction processes in the Swiss Alps

et al. 1998

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The significance of the Briançonnais domain in the Alpine orogen is reviewed in the light of data concerning its collision with the active Adriatic margin and the passive Helvetic margin. The Briançonnais which formerly belonged to the Iberian plate, was located on the northern margin of the Alpine Tethys (Liguro-Piémont ocean) since its opening in the early-Middle Jurassic. Together with the Iberian plate the Briançonnais terrane was separated from the European plate in the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous, following the northern Atlantic, Bay of Biscay, Valais ocean opening. This was accompanied by the onset of subduction along the northern margin of Adria and the closure of the Alpine Tethys. Stratigraphic and metamorphic data regarding this subduction and the geohistory of the Briançonnais allows the scenario of subduction-obduction processes during the Late Cretaceous-early Tertiary in the eastern and western Alps to be specified. HP-LT metamorphism record a long-lasting history of oceanic subduction-accretion, followed in the Middle Eocene by the incorporation of the Briançonnais as an exotic terrane into the accretionary prism. Middle to Late Eocene cooling ages of the Briançonnais basement and the presence of pelagic, anorogenic sedimentation lasting until the Middle Eocene on the Briançonnais preclude any sort of collision before that time between this domain and the active Adria margin or the Helvetic margin. This is confirmed by plate reconstructions constrained by magnetic anomalies in the Atlantic domain. Only a small percentage of the former Briançonnais domain was obducted, most of the crust and lithospheric roots were subducted. This applies also to domains formerly belonging to the southern Alpine Tethys margin (Austroalpine-inner Carpathian domain). It is proposed that there was a single Palaeogene subduction zone responsible for the Alpine orogen formation (from northern Spain to the East Carpathians), with the exception of a short-lived Late Cretaceous partial closure of the Valais ocean. Subduction in the western Tethyan domain originated during the closure of the Meliata ocean during the Jurassic incorporating the Austroalpine-Carpathian domain as terranes during the Cretaceous. The subduction zone propagated into the northern margin of Adria and then to the northern margin of the Iberian plate, where it gave birth to the Pyrenean-Provençal orogenic belt. This implies the absence of a separated Cretaceous subduction zone within the Austro-Carpathian Penninic ocean. Collision of Iberia with Europe forced the subduction to jump to the SE margin of Iberia in the Eocene, creating the Apenninic orogenic wedge and inverting the vergence of subduction from south-to north-directed.

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Mid-Cretaceous, primitive alkaline magmatism in the Northern Calcareous Alps: Significance for Austroalpine Geodynamics

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

Continuity and Episodicity in the Early Alpine Tectonic Evolution of the Western Carpathians: How Large‐Scale Processes Are Expressed by the Orogenic Architecture and Rock Record Data

Continuity and Episodicity in the Early Alpine Tectonic Evolution of the Western Carpathians: How Large‐Scale Processes Are Expressed by the Orogenic Architecture and Rock Record Data

Structural evidence of in-sequence and out-of-sequence thrusting in the Karwendel mountains and the tectonic subdivision of the western Northern Calcareous Alps

Subduction and obduction processes in the Swiss Alps

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