Microwave Synthesis of Cationic Fatty Imidazolines and their Characterization

Abstract

This paper describes an efficient method for the synthesis of long chain dialkyldiamido imidazolines by the reaction of diethylenetriamine and several fatty acids under non-solvent microwave irradiation using calcium oxide as support This synthesis required much less time in comparison to conventional thermal condensation and is carried out in an open vessel and the products obtained by this method were found to be in good yields and of high purity. Fatty imidazolines were then quaternized by using dimethyl sulfate as a quaternizing agent and isopropanol as a solvent, to produce cationic imidazolinium salts which were evaluated for yield and cationic content. The instrumental techniques, viz. FT-IR and 1 H NMR verified the formation of imidazolines and its subsequent quaternization. This method produced imidazolines in the very low time of 5-10 min and gave a yield of 89-91% as compared to a very long time of 8-10 h and a lower yield of 75-80% by the conventional thermal condensation method.

Gemini Imidazolinium Surfactants: A Versatile Class of Molecules

“…The microwave synthesized the surfactant in 5-10 minutes with a better yield of 80-91% as compared to conventional method i.e. thermal condensation which produced 75-80% [19][20][21][22]. The comparative study has also been done by Jianbin Huang on gemini and Bola, and the role of cephalic groups was found to be important as they alter their properties.…”

Influence of vacuum on kinetic of low quality rapeseed oil amidation by aminoethylethanolamine

“…Alkylimidazolines for industrial purpose are usually obtained by thermic methods with or without the use of catalyst [2,10,11]. The main application of alkylimidazolines of fatty acids is their utilization as a basis for corrosion inhibitors obtaining for the oil and gas extracting industry.…”

Anion Exchange Membranes Based on Imidazoline Quaternized Polystyrene Copolymers for Fuel Cell Applications

“…Imidazoline compounds with an alkyl chain on the C2 position are the most common type used in the industry, such as the commercially available N-b-hydroxyethyl oleyl imidazoline (HEOImn). The cationic imidazoline compounds (i.e., imidazolinium) can be used in various industrial applications as corrosion inhibitors, emulsifiers, dispersing agents, adhesion promoters, lubricants, and textile softeners [21][22][23]. Unlike how imidazoline is prone to hydrolyze in alkaline aqueous solution [24], imidazolinium seems to be relatively unaffected by pH changes [21].…”