set from the 5.5 GHz, when the signal is injected, the phase noise of the ILFD is about Ϫ132.25 dBc/Hz, while the phase noise of the injection-reference is Ϫ125.88 dBc/Hz. At low offset frequency, the phase noise of the locked ILFD is smaller than the injection signal by about 6 dB. Figure 13 shows the measured output spectra of the divider before and after the locked conditions in the Ϭ2 mode. The locked output spectrum shows a lower phase noise. Table 1 shows the performance summary of the proposed ILFD. Tables 2 and 3 show the performance comparison between published ILFDs in the divide-by-3 and -2 mode, respectively.
CONCLUSIONThis article proposes a new CMOS LC-tank ILFD circuit and the chip has been successfully implemented in the TSMC 0.18-m CMOS process. The differential ILFD consists of double-crosscoupled VCO and a composite resonator, where a pair of switched inductors with an inductor in series with an injection MOSFET is used. In the differential injection mode, the ILFD can have the division ratio of 1 and 3, in the single injection mode, the ILFD can have the division ratio of 2, other higher modulo is beyond the limit of experimental set up.