Microwave Sintering – A Novel Approach to Powder Technology

Marcelo, Teresa; Mascarenhas, João; Oliveira, Fernando A. Costa

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.636-637.946

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The HAP powder used in the present study is transparent to microwave at room temperature and 2.45 GHz [29]. However, it has been reported that the transparent materials will start absorbing microwave radiation at a given critical temperature due to an increase in loss tangent value with an increase in temperature.…”

Section: Experimentation Detailmentioning

confidence: 93%

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In situ surface modification of stainless steel with hydroxyapatite using microwave heating

Singh¹,

Bansal²,

Vasudev³

et al. 2021

Surf. Topogr.: Metrol. Prop.

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The present work involves enhancing the biocompatibility of austenitic stainless steel (SS-316L) implants by changing its surface composition and morphology through the microwave hybrid heating (MHH) technique. The polished SS-316L alloy surface layer was modified with bioactive hydroxyapatite (HAP) powder by utilizing an Industrial microwave oven operated at 2.45 GHz and 1.1 kW. The modified layer of SS-316L alloy was characterized in terms of phase analysis, microstructure investigation, porosity analysis and apatite forming ability. The microstructural investigation revealed that the presence of austenite dendrites with HAP along with some reaction induced phases like Fe 3 P, FeP, and Fe 2 P mainly in the inter-dendritic regions of the modified layer of SS-316L alloy. The microhardness of modified layer was higher than that of the unmodified layer of SS-316L alloy. The modified layer exhibited porosity in the range of 2% to 3%. The in-vitro study performed in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution indicates that the microwave-assisted surface modified layer of SS-316L alloy exhibited an improved bioactivity. The SEM images indicate the formation of apatite layer in the modified layer of SS-316L alloy. The observed biological improvements in the microwave-assisted modified layer was due to the cladding induced changes in the surface morphology and surface chemistry of the SS-316L substrate material.

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Section: Experimentation Detailmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The details about the penetration depth for transparent material (ceramics) is explained elsewhere [25,29].…”

Section: Experimentation Detailmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ surface modification of stainless steel with hydroxyapatite using microwave heating

Singh¹,

Bansal²,

Vasudev³

et al. 2021

Surf. Topogr.: Metrol. Prop.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the heating of Ti by microwaves tends to be erratic [229]. For this reason, several studies have utilised microwave susceptors, such as SiC sample holders, to produce predictable and consistent heating of Ti powders [218][219][220]222,[224][225][226]. It has also been reported that TiH 2 is capable of being heated by microwave radiation without susceptors [230,231] to produce small CP-Ti samples with improved density and mechanical properties compared to those produced from metallic Ti powder [228].…”

Section: Microwave Sinteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been several studies on the heating susceptibility of Ti powders to microwave radiation [215][216][217][218][219], the densification and microstructure of microwave-sintered Ti [218][219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226][227][228], and the resulting mechanical properties [218,220]. However, the heating of Ti by microwaves tends to be erratic [229].…”

Section: Microwave Sinteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powder metallurgy of titanium – past, present, and future

Fang

Paramore

Sun

et al. 2017

International Materials Reviews

385

158

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Powder metallurgy (PM) of titanium is a potentially cost-effective alternative to conventional wrought titanium. This article examines both traditional and emerging technologies, including the production of powder, and the sintering, microstructure, and mechanical properties of PM Ti. The production methods of powder are classified into two categories: (1) powder that is produced as the product of extractive metallurgy processes, and (2) powder that is made from Ti sponge, ingot, mill products, or scrap. A new hydrogen-assisted magnesium reduction (HAMR) process is also discussed. The mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V produced using various PM processes are analyzed based on their dependence on unique microstructural features, oxygen content, porosity, and grain size. In particular, the fatigue properties of PM Ti-6Al-4V are examined as functions of microstructure. A hydrogen-enabled approach for microstructural engineering that can be used to produce PM Ti with wroughtlike microstructure and properties is also presented.

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“…The microwave sintering process can transfer energy from microwaves directly into the material. This leads to the uniform rapid heating with reduced dwell time and decreases the overall sintering time [27]. Due to its short sintering time and low temperatures, microwave-sintered composites exhibit exceptional mechanical characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical, thermal, electrical, and corrosion properties of microwave-sintered Ti-0.8Ni-0.3Mo/TiB composites

et al. 2023

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In this study, Titanium boride (TiB) reinforced Ti-0.8Ni-0.3Mo/XTiB (X=5, 10, 15, and 20 wt.%) composites were successfully fabricated by microwave sintering assisted powder metallurgy process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were used to evaluate the elemental powders individually. The distribution of TiB particles in the sintered Ti-0.8Ni-0.3Mo composites was observed using optical microscopy (OM) and SEM. The Microhardness of the microwave-sintered samples was evaluated through Micro Vicker’s hardness testing machine. Thermal characteristics were estimated for temperatures ranging from 50 to 250 °C. The electrical conductivity of Ti-0.8Ni-0.3Mo/TiB composites was calculated from the measured resistance values using the four-point probe method at room temperature. The immersion method was performed to estimate the corrosion properties by suspending the sintered samples in 3.5% NaCl solution for 60 h. The morphology of the corroded surfaces was examined using SEM. The results revealed that Ti-0.8Ni-0.3Mo/15TiB possessed optimum hardness values from 220 to 260 HV, mechanical properties such as True yield strength from 728 to 814 MPa, ultimate compression strength from 1335 to 1680 MPa, fracture strain of 6.12 to 13.81 %. It also revealed less weight loss in a corrosion medium of 0.6 g. The Ti-0.8Ni-0.3Mo/TiB composites had good properties in densification aspects, which is suitable for applications such as marine and airfare components.

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Microwave Sintering – A Novel Approach to Powder Technology

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

In situ surface modification of stainless steel with hydroxyapatite using microwave heating

In situ surface modification of stainless steel with hydroxyapatite using microwave heating

Powder metallurgy of titanium – past, present, and future

Mechanical, thermal, electrical, and corrosion properties of microwave-sintered Ti-0.8Ni-0.3Mo/TiB composites

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