Microwave pyrolysis of oil shale for high-quality oil and gas production

He, Lu; Ma, Yue; Yue, Changtao; Li, Shuyuan; Tang, Xiangdong

doi:10.1007/s10973-021-11169-4

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Oil shale is rich in organic matter, and shale oil, similar to natural oil, can be obtained by low-temperature distillation. In the process of microwave heating, the structure of oil shale largely determines the flow behavior, transformation products, and ultimate recovery factor (no matter in situ distillation or in situ extraction of oil shale) . Before introducing the structure changes of oil shale under microwave radiation, the factors affecting microwave pyrolysis also have a great influence on the structure of oil shale.…”

Section: Structural Changes Of Oil Shale Under Microwave Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the process of microwave heating, the structure of oil shale largely determines the flow behavior, transformation products, and ultimate recovery factor (no matter in situ distillation or in situ extraction of oil shale). 59 Before introducing the structure changes of oil shale under microwave radiation, the factors affecting microwave pyrolysis also have a great influence on the structure of oil shale. This includes the properties of oil shale itself such as dielectric properties, size, and shape of the oil shale itself.…”

Section: Structural Changes Of Oil Shale Under Microwave Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on the Application of Microwave Absorbents in Oil Shale

Pan,

Lou,

Wang

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The analysis of the current in situ oil shale mining technology shows that oil shale has the characteristic of poor thermal conductivity. Too solve the problems of low efficiency and high cost of traditional heat conduction mining methods, the microwave mining of oil shale has good production prospects. By microwave heating, electromagnetic energy is directly converted into heat energy by acting on medium molecules. Its transmission property makes the material inside and outside the medium simultaneously heated. No heat transfer is required. This paper summarizes the mechanism of the microwave pyrolysis of oil shale, pyrolysis parameters, and changes in the structure of oil shale in microwave pyrolysis, and how the addition of a microwave absorber endows the microwave with a better heating effect. At present, the absorbents used in microwave heating of oil shale are ferrite absorbents, nanometal absorbents, semicoke, and graphite. The research of ferrite microwave absorbents has been developing toward modification and nanocrystallization by adding trace elements. Among them, the microwave of nanoparticles leads to good absorption performance, which can help microwaves realize high-temperature conversion of oil shale. Microwaves can also be used with fracturing fluids. In the future, the structure and absorption relationship can be improved to achieve better results. Semicoke produces a strong eddy current in the microwave field and has a high-temperature rise rate. Using semicoke as a microwave absorbent can make semicoke waste into a treasure with efficient comprehensive utilization. In addition, the numerical simulation of oil shale microwave pyrolysis is also of great significance. Simulation can create reservoir conditions that experiments cannot reach. At present, it mainly simulates temperature field, decomposition, and product distribution of kerogen, and porosity and permeability evolution of oil shale. In the simulation of adding absorbent, the heating effect of adding nano-Fe3O4 absorbent is better than that of not adding absorbent, and its microwave heating range is also larger. But at present, there are few simulations for this aspect. The experimental research and numerical simulation of oil shale microwave pyrolysis absorbent need further exploration in the future.

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Section: Structural Changes Of Oil Shale Under Microwave Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Changes Of Oil Shale Under Microwave Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Application of Microwave Absorbents in Oil Shale

Pan,

Lou,

Wang

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The kerogen in oil shale is usually converted to oil and gas through downstream retorting technology. This technology depends on building large-scale installations on the surface to produce shale oil and gas in a high-temperature and oxygen-free environment [5][6][7]. The technology encounters significant challenges, such as energy consumption, pollution and residues disposal problems [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Conversion of Oil Shale over Fe or Ni Catalysts under Sub-Critical Water

Che,

Wu,

Shen

et al. 2024

Processes

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Sub-critical water is an environment-friendly solvent. It is widely used for the extraction of various organic compounds. It can be used to dissolve and transport organic matter in oil shale. In this study, the conversion of oil shale was synergistically catalyzed by the addition of Fe or Ni to the Fe inherent in samples under sub-critical water conditions. Oil shale can be converted to gas, oil and residues of oil. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis results presented that the weight loss of raw oil shale was up to 15.85%. After sub-critical water extraction, the weight loss rate of the residues was reduced to 8.41%. With the application of a metal catalyst, Fe or Ni, the weight loss of residues was further reduced to 7.43% and 6.57%, respectively. According to DTG curves, it was found that there were two weight-loss rate peaks. The decomposition process of kerogen in oil shale could be divided into two cracking processes. One is decomposed at a high velocity at around 420 °C, and another is decomposed at a low velocity at around 515 °C. Gas chromatography (GC) results of gas products indicated that Fe or Ni could contribute to producing normal alkanes, such as methane, ethane, propane, etc., which are produced by the hydrogenation of alkenes via hydrogen transfer during the conversion process of kerogen. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was conducted to analyze the components of the liquid products. The results showed that n-alkanes, iso-alkane, oxygenated hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds were the major components of the kerogen cracking products. When Ni was introduced as a catalyst, the contents of aromatic compounds and oxygenated hydrocarbons in the liquid products were increased from 19.55% and 6.87% to 22.38% and 13.77%, respectively. This is due to the synergistic effect of the addition of Ni with the inherent Fe in oil shale under sub-critical water which ensures kerogen is more easily cracked to produce aromatic compounds and oxygenated hydrocarbons.

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