Microwave pyrolysis of moso bamboo for syngas production and bio-oil upgrading over bamboo-based biochar catalyst

Dong, Qing; Li, Huaju; Niu, Miaomiao; Luo, Chuping; Zhang, Jinfeng; Qi, Bo; Li, Xiangqian; Zhong, Wa

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.104

Cited by 107 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The processes for which biochar-based catalysts were tested include biomass refining [13,14,18], NO x removal [19,20], ammonia ozonation [21], electrocatalytic oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation in fuel cells [22,23], photocatalytic degradation of organics [24,25], nitrate degradation in wastewater [26], etc. A good review on the application of biochar-based catalysts was provided by Lee et al [11] and Xiong et al [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Application of Biochar-Based Catalysts for Biofuel Production

Cheng

2018

Catalysts

202

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Firstly, this paper reviews two main methods for biochar synthesis, namely conventional pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). The related processes are described, and the influences of biomass nature and reaction conditions, especially temperature, are discussed. Compared to pyrolysis, HTC has advantages for processing high-moisture biomass and producing spherical biochar particles. Secondly, typical features of biochar in comparison with other carbonaceous materials are summarized. They refer to the presence of inorganics, surface functional groups, and local crystalline structures made up of highly conjugated aromatic sheets. Thirdly, various strategies for biochar modification are illustrated. They include activation, surface functionalization, in situ heteroatom doping, and the formation of composites with other materials. An appropriate modification is necessary for biochar used as a catalyst. Fourthly, the applications of biochar-based catalysts in three important processes of biofuel production are reviewed. Sulfonated biochar shows good catalytic performance for biomass hydrolysis and biodiesel production. Biodiesel production can also be catalyzed by biochar-derived or -supported solid-alkali catalysts. Biochar alone and biochar-supported metals are potential catalysts for tar reduction during or after biomass gasification. Lastly, the merits of biochar-based catalysts are summarized. Biochar-based catalysts have great developmental prospects. Future work needs to focus on the study of mechanism and process design.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Application of Biochar-Based Catalysts for Biofuel Production

Cheng

2018

Catalysts

202

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“…The authors suggested that the activated carbon promoted the demethylation, decarboxylation and dehydration reactions, thus increasing the phenol yield. Donga et al studied the microwave pyrolysis of moso bamboo over bamboo-based biochar [105]. The results showed that bamboo-derivate biochar was more effective under microwave conditions than under conventional conditions.…”

Section: Microwave-assisted Pyrolysis In-situ Upgradingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwaves and Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Review on Selected Catalytic Processes

et al. 2020

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Since the late 1980s, the scientific community has been attracted to microwave energy as an alternative method of heating, due to the advantages that this technology offers over conventional heating technologies. In fact, differently from these, the microwave heating mechanism is a volumetric process in which heat is generated within the material itself, and, consequently, it can be very rapid and selective. In this way, the microwave-susceptible material can absorb the energy embodied in the microwaves. Application of the microwave heating technique to a chemical process can lead to both a reduction in processing time as well as an increase in the production rate, which is obtained by enhancing the chemical reactions and results in energy saving. The synthesis and sintering of materials by means of microwave radiation has been used for more than 20 years, while, future challenges will be, among others, the development of processes that achieve lower greenhouse gas (e.g., CO 2 ) emissions and discover novel energy-saving catalyzed reactions. A natural choice in such efforts would be the combination of catalysis and microwave radiation. The main aim of this review is to give an overview of microwave applications in the heterogeneous catalysis, including the preparation of catalysts, as well as explore some selected microwave assisted catalytic reactions. The review is divided into three principal topics: (i) introduction to microwave chemistry and microwave materials processing; (ii) description of the loss mechanisms and microwave-specific effects in heterogeneous catalysis; and (iii) applications of microwaves in some selected chemical processes, including the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts.A chemical process is conventionally energized by means of conductive heating with a steam boiler as a typical heat source. Nevertheless, a large variety of other forms of energy can be applied for PI, including ultrasounds (for reactions or crystal nucleation), light (in photocatalytic processes), electric fields (in extraction or for orientation of molecules), or microwaves. The microwave (dielectric) heating of materials has been known for a long time, and microwave ovens have been developed from more than 60 years. The studies by Gedye et al. in 1986 and 1988 [3,4] opened a period of very intensive investigation of the microwave effects on chemical reactions in homogeneous systems. Since then, hundreds of research papers have been published, and research has also expanded toward heterogeneous catalysis and its related chemical processes. This review gives an overview of the application of microwave technology to heterogeneous catalysis, including various chemical processes, as well as to the preparation of catalysts.

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“…Studies have shown that it is feasible to improve the hydrogen content and reduce tar yield by adding certain catalysts or auxiliaries during biomass gasification. [7][8][9][10] Supported metal catalysts are widely used in catalytic gasification of biomass due to high catalytic activity and environmental benefits. 11 The most widely used metal catalyst is nickel-based catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen‐rich gas production from catalytic gasification of pine sawdust over Fe‐Ce/olivine catalyst

2019

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Summary In order to improve hydrogen production and reduce tar generation during the biomass gasification, a catalyst loaded Fe‐Ce using calcined olivine as the support (Fe‐Ce/olivine catalysts) was prepared through deposition‐precipitation method. The characteristics of catalysts were determined by XRF, BET, XRD, and FTIR. Syngas yield, hydrogen yield, and tar yield were used to evaluate the catalyst activity. Meanwhile, the stability of catalysts was also studied. The results showed that the specific surface area and pore volume of olivine after calcined at high temperature were improved which was beneficial for the load of metals. α‐Fe2O3 and CeO2 were the main active component of Fe‐Ce/olivine catalyst. The Fe‐Ce/olivine catalyst displayed a good performance on the catalytic gasification of pine sawdust with a syngas yield of 0.93 Nm3/kg, H2 yield of 21.37 mol/kg, and carbon conversion rate of 55.14% at a catalytic temperature and gasification temperature of 800°C. Meanwhile, the Fe‐Ce/olivine catalyst could maintain a good stability after 150 minutes used.

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Microwave pyrolysis of moso bamboo for syngas production and bio-oil upgrading over bamboo-based biochar catalyst

Cited by 107 publications

References 35 publications

Preparation and Application of Biochar-Based Catalysts for Biofuel Production

Preparation and Application of Biochar-Based Catalysts for Biofuel Production

Microwaves and Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Review on Selected Catalytic Processes

Hydrogen‐rich gas production from catalytic gasification of pine sawdust over Fe‐Ce/olivine catalyst

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