Microwave properties of conductive polymers

Olmedo, L.; Hourquebie, P.; Jousse, F.

doi:10.1016/0379-6779(94)02417-w

Cited by 100 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Moreover, microwave heating is a non-contact, rapid heating process; [8] for example, the heating rate for amorphous carbon powders smaller than 1 lm can reach 1258°C min -1 at room temperature under microwave irradiation at 2.45 GHz. [9] In addition, microwave-assisted annealing and sintering processes have been applied to improve the crystallization of amorphous silicon.[10] Only a few studies, [11,12] however, have focused on the behavior of conjugated polymers under microwave irradiation. In this paper, we describe the application of microwave annealing to enhance the efficiency of polymer OPV devices (Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Microwave Annealing of Polymer Photovoltaic Devices

Lin

Chen

2007

Advanced Materials

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Organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices are receiving increasing attention because of their potential application for solar energy conversion.[1] The advantages of using OPV devices over inorganic systems are mechanical flexibility, light weight, low cost, and fabrication at low temperature. Since the discovery of ultra-fast photoinduced charge separation between conjugated polymers and fullerenes, [2] organic solar cells prepared from polymer semiconductors have been studied extensively. [3][4][5] The so-called "bulk heterojunction" structure is commonly used on account of its simple device structure and thin-film processability. Recently, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of OPV devices prepared from poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) was improved through treatment thermally and/or under an electric field. [6] In addition, Li et al. reported a solvent annealing method that achieved a remarkable efficiency (4.4 %).[5] Meanwhile, Ma et al. improved the efficiency to 5 % through post-thermal annealing.[4] Apparently, the annealing process is a key step toward obtaining high power conversion efficiency (PCE). Although thermal annealing is conventionally implemented through thermal conduction methods, such as the use of hotplates or thermal ovens, [6,7] the energy loss and low efficiency of energy usage during such processes can be problematic.[8]Because the degree of microwave absorption depends on the rotation of the dipoles of a material, microwave annealing, which can be used to heat materials selectively, is a potential approach toward enhancing the efficiency of energy usage. Moreover, microwave heating is a non-contact, rapid heating process; [8] for example, the heating rate for amorphous carbon powders smaller than 1 lm can reach 1258°C min -1 at room temperature under microwave irradiation at 2.45 GHz. [9] In addition, microwave-assisted annealing and sintering processes have been applied to improve the crystallization of amorphous silicon.[10] Only a few studies, [11,12] however, have focused on the behavior of conjugated polymers under microwave irradiation. In this paper, we describe the application of microwave annealing to enhance the efficiency of polymer OPV devices (Fig. 1). The unique selectivity and short annealing times might make this method suitable for the efficient industrial production of OPV devices. , and a fill factor (FF) of 33.8 %; the calculated PCE was 0.58 %. After annealing for 20 s, the PCE increased to 0.81 %. For the device annealed for 90 s, the values of J SC , FF, and PCE reached 9.5 mA cm -2 , 63.5 %, and 3.6 %, respectively. Figure 2b shows the external quantum efficiency (EQE) spectra of the devices with different annealing time. The device with longer annealing time shows an increased efficiency over a broad spectral range from 350 nm to nearly 650 nm. The spectral shape almost remains unchanged after annealing, indicating that the enhanced photocurrent is due to the improved charge transport. Figure 3 further provides a su...

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confidence: 99%

Microwave Annealing of Polymer Photovoltaic Devices

Lin

Chen

2007

Advanced Materials

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“…With the advantages of low density, adjustable electromagnetic parameters, good compatibility, easily processed molding and industrialized production, etc., conductive polymer materials have been widely applied in the research of absorbing materials [14]. For the lack of magnetic loss and its narrow absorbing frequency, the absorbing intensity and bandwidth of polymer material cannot meet the needs of the practical application [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and microwave absorbing property of Ni–Zn ferrite-coated hollow glass microspheres with polythiophene

Chen

2016

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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“…Conductive polymers are a new class of conductor, electromagnetic shielding and microwave absorbing materials, which show a number of advantages over traditional granular materials [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Their composites with fillers, such as metal fibers, carbon black or carbon nano-fibers [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] have been used as electromagnetic interference shielding of electronic circuit and microwave absorbing materials, since not only they own so many advantages as relative high conductivity and microwave dielectric constant, very light weight, flexibility and reasonably facile processibility, but also a wide diversity of synthetic methods can be used which allowing the design of various complex structures conforming to environmental constraints [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%