Microwave Processing of Materials and Applications in Manufacturing Industries: A Review

Determining the Complex Permittivity of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibre Material by Open-ended Coaxial Probe Technique for Microwave Applications

“…Table 1 shows that the increased OPEFB fibre size resulted in a decrease of the ε′, ε", and tanδ of the fibre powder. Furthermore, 2.45 GHz is applied in industrial and domestic microwaves (Singh et al 2015). The dielectric properties for OPEFB powder at 2.45 GHz are shown in Table 2.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Barium Oxide Nanoparticles

“…SnO 2 nanoparticles used in gas sensors, solar cells, transistors, etc. It offers many technological applications such as oxidation of organics, solid state gas sensors, optical devices.Solvothermal method is good for the preparation of high quality oxide powder and the powder prepared has advantages of well defined grain [5], no aggregation, good dispersivity, moderate reaction conditions [6]. Our aim is to study the post-annealing temperature effect on nanoparticle size, nano-structure and energy band gap of SnO 2 powders synthesized by the solvothermalmethod.…”

Microwave-Absorbing Characteristics and XRD Characterization of Magnetic Separation Products of Reductive Products of Ilmenite Concentrate

“…has blossomed. A number of potential applications of microwave heating in the fields of chemistry, metallurgical engineering, the mineral or materials processing, synthesis of carbon nanomaterials, solid state synthesis of inorganic materials, preparation of inorganic nanostructures in liquid phase, synthesis of metal-organic frameworks, drying and environmental engineering etc., have been intensively investigated, and many aspects of them have been thoroughly reviewed [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], reflecting the fast development of microwave technology. It has well been documented that advantages in utilizing microwave technologies for processing minerals and materials compared with conventional heating include penetrating radiation, controlled electric field distribution, and selective and volumetric heating.…”

“…For metallurgical engineering fields with microwaves, Peng and Hwang (2015) have recently reviewed the application of microwave energy in the metallurgy field, with emphasis on both fundamentals of microwave heating and recent experimental efforts on extractive metallurgy via pyrometallurgical or hydrometallurgical routes [10], concluding that the next stage of research required to advance applications of microwave energy in industry should be focused on a combination of reactor design, electromagnetic measurement and simulation, ensuring that the full benefits of microwave heating can be realized, highlighting the imperativeness of investigations on the microwave absorbing characteristics of materials and minerals [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. So far, however, there has been little discussion about the microwave absorbing characteristics of materials and minerals, resulting in difficulties in investigating the interaction mechanism between microwaves and materials, which limits the application of microwave heating in the industry, especially in the chemical and metallurgical industry [16].…”