Microwave photochemistry III: Photochemistry of 4-tert-butylphenol

Investigation of the roles of active oxygen species in photodegradation of azo dye AO7 in TiO2 photocatalysis illuminated by microwave electrodeless lamp

“…In the presence of 0.1 mmol/L KI, the rate constant decreased to 0.0022 min −1 , which was only 10.4% of that in the absence of KI. This indicated that the total contribution of HO • radicals and holes to the degradation of AO7 was 89.6% and the total contribution of direct oxidation of other active species, such as O 2 •− , HO 2 [30,31]. A comparison was made between the original decolorization curves of AO7 solution which were obtained after adding catalase (500 mg/L) into the initial solution.…”

“…Most of the photogenerated positive holes (h + ) and electrons (e − ) are recombined before they are trapped by hydroxyls or oxygen absorbed on the catalyst surface. Microwave energy has exhibited its great ability to accelerate reactions and to improve yields and selectivity on synthetic organic chemistry [2]. Recently, microwave irradiation has been used to assist photochemical reactions in the degradation of organic pollutants [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Microwave photochemistry V: Low‐pressure batch and continuous‐flow microwave photoreactors with quartz mercury electrodeless discharge lamps. Photohydrolysis of mono‐chloroacetic acid

“…3,5 Temperature of the photoreaction mixture increased rapidly and was maintained at reflux (about 100…”

“…5 Microwave experiments in the batch set-up were accomplished in a microwave oven (Panasonic NN-GD566 with inverter, 1000 W; or MicroSYNTH Labstation, 1000 W, Milestone, Italy) described elsewhere. 3,5 The aqueous MCAA (250 mL; 0.1 mol L −1 ) (500 mL round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer, a fiber-optic temperature probe, and a Dimroth condenser) was irradiated by the quartz Hg-EDL placed into the reaction solution. Temperature of the mixture was maintained at reflux (100…”

“…The objective of microwave photochemistry is frequently, but not necessarily, connected with the electrodeless discharge lamp (EDL) which generates UV/Vis radiation when placed in the microwave field. 1,2 In recent papers and reviews on microwave photochemistry 1 we have described the preparation of EDLs, 3 spectral characteristics of the lamps, 4 and their application in organic photochemical synthesis 2,5,6 and in the microwave photocatalytic decomposition of mono-chloroacetic acid over nanoporous titania thin film. 7 Photolysis in microwave batch reactors has previously been described.…”