Microwave measurements ofd-f-g-hintervals anddandffine structure of sodium Rydberg states

Abstract

Eighty-one microwave resonances in Na Rydberg states n =21-35 between d, f, g, and h states have been accurately measured. Among them 43 transitions are first-time measurements, and 38 transitions have been improved, primarily by the elimination of stray electric and magnetic fields, compared with previous measurements.For the d ftra-nsitions, the measured intervals and d-state fine-structure splittings are a factor of 10 more precise; for d-g and d-h series, the measured intervals are a factor of 3 more precise than before. The n f-state fine-structure splittings in Na for n =21-29 have also been accurately measured, and the conclusion that the Na f-state fine-structure splitting n f5/ 2 n f7/ 5 is about 5% smaller than the hydrogen f-state fine-structure interval is confirmed through n =29. PACS number(s): 32.30.Bv, 32.80.Rm, 32.60.+i, 35.80.+s

A new relativistic Hartree–Fock calculation scheme and its application to the evaluation of fine-structure intervals fornd (n= 3–40) series of sodium

“…In figure 3, where our results are on the datum line, it is manifested that the present evaluations are essentially in agreement with the experiments. In particular, for the states of n = 17-31, the figure shows coherence between the present results and those from [16] and [17]. For the highest Rydberg states of n = 32-40, the present results match the observed data by Jeys et al [7] very well.…”

“…A further calculation gives the evaluated results of the fine structure for higher nd (n = 17-40) Rydberg states, which are reported in table 7. We also list the experimental results from [7,16,17]. For the purpose of comparison with these experiments, MHz is used here as the energy unit.…”

“…They found that the anomalous fine structure is caused by the relativistic shifts of the core orbitals, which lead to the exchange potential for the valence electron to be j dependent. Then, we realized that the best scheme to solve this problem is in the framework of a complete relativistic treatment with an ab initio SCF [12], and experimental results of (circle) Conover et al [16], (filled triangle) Sun et al [17] and (triangle) Jeys et al [7]. procedure, which is simple, strict and free of the disadvantage mentioned above.…”

Microwave spectroscopy of Al I atoms in Rydberg states: D and G terms

“…For some individual lines as noted in the tables the residuals reached values as great as 4 MHz. By the steps taken to obtain symmetric lines, and supported also by the fact that deviations from the model predictions based on equation (2) do not increase significantly as n is increased (according to the last columns of tables 1-3; cf [22]) we believe that an estimated overall accuracy of ±1 MHz is appropriate for all resonance results.…”

Microwave spectroscopy of singlet Mg I inL= 0–4 Rydberg states

“…For a few resonances the observed minus calculated values exceeded 1 MHz (maximum deviation 3.05 MHz). There was no evidence in the fitting residuals that resonance centres were Stark-shifted by stray fields, which would have shown up as unidirectional errors increasing rapidly with n in transitions of a given type [44]. Predictions of microwave resonance frequencies that were based on the previously published coefficients listed in the table miss the observed frequencies by amounts varying from 10 MHz to more than 2000 MHz (0.07 cm −1 ).…”