Microwave material processing: a clean, green, and sustainable approach

Journal of Composite Materials

Pratap

2019

Self Cite

245

‘The micro/nano reinforced particle’ aluminum metal matrix composites (Al-MMCs) are widely used in manufacturing sector due to light-weight, superior strength-to-weight ratio, better fracture toughness, improved fatigue, and tensile property, enhanced corrosion resistance to harsh environment, etc. This article provides an overview of the manufacturing processes and different reinforcing elements used during the synthesis of Al-MMCs. Generally, the reinforced particles like carbides, nitrides, and compounds of oxides are used. Different organic, inorganic, industrial and agricultural waste which can be used for reinforcement in the aluminum matrix is highlighted with their feasible applications. The common mechanical properties (i.e. hardness, tensile and compressive strength, etc.) reported by different researchers are thoroughly discussed with the aim to highlight the amount of reinforcement and improvement occurred during processing. The formation and methodology for mixing condition and sintering behaviour of Al-MMCs are discussed to impart knowledge about the processing circumstances in powder metallurgical route. The affecting conditions during operating and responsible factor for the tribological behaviour are deliberated in a precise manner to recognize the potentiality of reinforcing particles in Al-MMCs. Finally, the different shortcomings and future prospects of the Al-MMCs are given to encourage the future research directions.

Section: Manufacturing Processes Developed For Al-mmcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in the aluminum metal matrix composites reinforced by micro/nano particles – A review

Journal of Composite Materials

Pratap

2019

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245

“…heating the material from core to surface) improve the densification behaviour and more compact structure after sintering. 5,6,21 Subjective assessment and mechanical characteristics of aluminium…”

Section: Phase Transformation and Micro Structure Study Of Aluminiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-physics simulation study of microwave hybrid sintering of aluminium and mechanical characteristics

Patel

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E:

et al. 2022

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In the present study, a finite element model of microwave hybrid sintering along with experimental validation was developed. Multiphysics simulation at 2.45 GHz was carried out to understand the heat transfer behaviour and electric field distribution during the microwave hybrid sintering process. The proposed work presents an innovative and integrated approach for sintering aluminium utilizing microwave energy. Comparison with numerical simulation results and experimental data of temperature variation during microwave hybrid sintering was done. The maximum error predicted by the simulation model and experimental investigation for temperature variation in sintering was found to be within 10%. The X-ray diffraction analysis, relative density and microstructure analysis of the sintered aluminium was done to gain an insight into the material characteristics. The microhardness and nanoindentation tests were carried out to determine the hardness and elastic modulus. Good consolidation behaviour of aluminium with an achieved density of 0.9774, microhardness of 36Hv, nano-hardness as 0.5664 GPa and 57.301 GPa elastic modulus value has been observed. The study will develop a cogent link between the numerical model and experimental data for microwave hybrid sintering.

“…The susceptor quickly absorbs the microwave energy and converts into heat which enhances the interaction of compacted part with the microwave. 21,22,29,30…”

Section: Synthesis Of Al and Zno Compositementioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide reinforced aluminum metal matrix composite produced by microwave sintering

Journal of Composite Materials

Pratap

2020

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The study focuses on the microstructural, phase transformation, and physical and mechanical aspects of aluminum/zinc oxide composite produced by a hybrid microwave sintering technique. In the present case, zinc oxide nanorods were synthesized through a cost-effective thermal decomposition method. The obtained zinc oxide nanorods’ length was in the range of 76–168 nm observed through high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images and crystallinity nature was confirmed by the bright spot in the selected area electron diffraction pattern. Two different wt% (i.e. 0.5 and 2) of zinc oxide nanorods were utilized for the fabrication of the composite material. The diffraction pattern of the milled powder and energy dispersive spectroscopy results shows effective diffusion of zinc oxide nanorods in the aluminum. The elemental mapping of milled powder illustrates the uniform distribution of the reinforcement over matrix material. The micro-hardness results exhibit a higher hardness of 27.78% with a small fraction of 2 wt%. The nano-indentation results confirm the improvement in the nano-hardness by 32.21% with 2 wt% of zinc oxide with a marginal decrease in elastic modulus by 4.92%.