Microwave induced plasma for solid fuels and waste processing: A review on affecting factors and performance criteria

Experimental study of steam and carbon dioxide microwave plasma for advanced thermal treatment application

“…One of the advantages of plasma is its high chemical activity that will enhance gasification reactions rates avoiding the need for a catalyst [9]. In this study, an insight into the CO 2 and H 2 O plasma chemistry is given using optical emission spectroscopy (OES).…”

“…Plasma is formed through the phenomenon of ionization, which is the dissociation of electrons from atoms or molecules, leading to the formation of positively charged ions. The presence of ions, electrons, excited molecules and photons makes the plasma very reactive [8], enhancing chemical reactions similarly to the presence of a catalyst [9]. The unique properties of plasma have been employed in many applications such as surface treatments (etching, chemical vapour deposition or thermal spray coatings), metallurgy, sterilization of water and air, medicine (treatment of burns, ulcers or other skin diseases) and many others [8].…”

“…Typical impurities found in syngas, derived from standard gasifiers, are tars, sulphur and chloride compounds [11]. However, in plasma gasifiers, due to the high operational temperatures, tars within the syngas are broken down in situ resulting in a cleaner product gas [6,9]. As such, plasma gasification offers a mechanism to reduce the cost and sophistication of syngas cleaning trains compared to that of conventional gasification systems.…”

“…However, the major drawback of using DC torches relates to the lifetime of the electrodes, which will typically need replacing every 200 hours, especially when operated with oxidative gases [10]. A promising alternative is the use of microwaves for Microwave plasma has been receiving a growing interest in recent years especially with respect to its applications in ATT [9,13]. One of the advantages of microwave plasma, compared to conventional DC systems, is the possibility to operate with a wide range of working gases.…”

Получение Керамики На Основе Карбида Кремния Из Золошлаковых Отходов

“…Основными задачами развития плазменных методов переработки сложноутилизируемых отходов можно считать необходимость упрощения плазменных реакторов, повышения их энергетической эффективности, поиск методов получения востребованных материалов в результате переработки [4,5]. Возможными решениями могут быть реализация процесса переработки при атмосферном давлении [6], а также получение в результате переработки твердой (обычно оксидной) керамики на основе кремния и алюминия [7,8]. В настоящей работе представлены результаты экспериментальных исследований, посвященные получению керамики на основе карбида кремния из золы природного угля, обработанной плазмой дугового разряда постоянного тока, инициированного в открытой воздушной среде.…”