Microwave-hydrothermal synthesis of Co-doped FeS2 as a visible-light photocatalyst

Long, Fei; He, Jing; Zhang, Mingyue; Wu, Xiaoli; Mo, Shuyi; Zou, Zhengguang; Zhou, Yecui

doi:10.1007/s10853-014-8747-5

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Alongside they found bandgap narrowing by substitutional incorporation of zinc in Z x Fe 1‐x S 2 alloys . Up till now, numerous dopants have been investigated (Mn, Co, Ni, Cu,, Zn, Ti, Se, Sn, Al, P, As, Sb, Cr, Au„ Ru, Nd, for modification and improvement of iron pyrite properties. M x Fe 1‐x S 2 ternaries exhibit enhanced properties than FeS 2 , which can make the materials attractive as window material in heterojunction photovoltaic devices: pyrite organic, inorganic and hybrid solar cells.…”

Section: Doped Pyrite For Photovoltaicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocrystalline Pyrite for Photovoltaic Applications

et al. 2018

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Transition metal sulfides (TMSs) are of special interest in energy conversion and storage devices. Amongst all sulfides, fool's gold or iron pyrite (FeS 2 ) is potentially an attractive candidate for photovoltaic applications. Iron pyrite has risen to prominence due to its distinct properties and abundance in nature to meet the large scale needs. It is considered as environmentally benign solar absorber material with high absorption coefficient, α > 6 x10 5 cm À 1 for λ � 700 nm and suitable energy bandgap (E g = 0.95 eV). Numerous physical and chemical methods have been employed to deposit nanocrystalline pyrite thin films directly from source materials or indirectly by sulfuration. This review gives an overview of pyrite as a low cost photovoltaic absorber material for contemporary solar cell structures. In addition, practical approaches like the rational design of nanocomposites, band gap engineering and nanostructure synthesis of pyrite for improving its properties particularly photovoltaic properties are also deliberated. Moreover, limitations, challenges, remedies and prospects of pyrite as potential photovoltaic material are also reviewed to further advance the development of pyrite-based solar cell configurations.[a] Dr.at a low precursor concentration, pyrite nanocubes (125-250 nm in 20-180 min) were obtained due to low nuclei concentration and slow growth (diffusion limited) in quasiequilibrium. The anisotropic structures nanodendrites were 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Section: Doped Pyrite For Photovoltaicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocrystalline Pyrite for Photovoltaic Applications

et al. 2018

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“…This process is very interesting in science and industries because it is energy-saving, rapid and of well-defined products with high purity, and environmentally friendly. It should be noted that the reaction is proceeding in a closed system and can be continuously processed [11][12][13]. But for the CH method, it requires longer time, typically half to several days, and high electrical power as high as 1000 W. The objective of this research was to prepare Ce 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 by microwavehydrothermal/solvothermal process and to further characterize the products by X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microscopy and spectroscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoluminescence and photonic absorbance of Ce2(MoO4)3 nanocrystal synthesized by microwave–hydrothermal/solvothermal method

et al. 2016

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In this research, cerium (III) nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO 3 ) 3 Á6H 2 O) and ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate ((NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 24 Á4H 2 O) with Ce 3? -to-Mo 6? molar ratio of 2:3 were dissolved in 40 ml different solvents of deionized (DI) water, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and ethylene glycol (EG) to form different solutions which were followed by adjusting pH from the traditional values to 7.0 and 10.0 with 1 molÁL -1 sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Subsequently, the solutions were processed by 270-W microwave-hydrothermal/solvothermal method. Phase, morphology, vibrational modes and photonic properties were fully characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectrophotometry, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The as-synthesized products were pure cerium molybdenum oxide (Ce 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 ) of nanoparticles clustered together as nanoplates in DI water and PEG solvents, and of spindle-like nanoparticles in EG solvent, including the presence of Ce-O-H mode and MoO 4 units. The results show that direct energy gaps of the first two have the same value of 2.30 eV, and that of the last is 2.80 eV, including their blue emission at the same wavelength of 488 nm.

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“…FeS 2 was investigated for various applications such as absorbing material in solar cells, material for photocatalysis or electrocatalysis [6]. The high absorption coefficient, α = 6 × 10 5 cm −1 for λ = 633 nm [7], which is several orders of magnitude larger than that of crystalline silicon, and the composition of abundant, cheap, and non-toxic elements makes pyrite an interesting material for solar cells and further photonic applications [1,[8][9][10][11][12][13]. FeS 2 thin films with promising semiconductor properties were also prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering of an Fe target in Ar + H 2 S gas mixture [1,2,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Diagnostics in Reactive High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering System Working in Ar + H2S Gas Mixture

et al. 2020

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A reactive high-power impulse magnetron sputtering system (HiPIMS) working in Ar + H 2 S gas mixture was investigated as a source for the deposition of iron sulfide thin films. As a sputtering material, a pure Fe target was used. Plasma parameters in this system were investigated by a time-resolved Langmuir probe, radio-frequency (RF) ion flux probe, quartz crystal monitor modified for measurement of the ionized fraction of depositing particles, and by optical emission spectroscopy. A wide range of mass flow rates of reactive gas H 2 S was used for the investigation of the deposition process. It was found that the deposition rate of iron sulfide thin films is not influenced by the flow rate of H 2 S reactive gas fed into the magnetron discharge although the target is covered by iron sulfide compound. The ionized fraction of depositing particles decreases from r ≈ 40% to r ≈ 20% as the flow rate of H 2 S, Q H 2 S , changes from 0 to 19 sccm at the gas pressure around p ≈ 1 Pa in the reactor chamber. The electron concentration n e measured by the Langmuir probe at the position of the substrate decreases over this change of Q H 2 S from 10 18 down to 10 17 m −3Coatings 2020, 10, 246 2 of 16 realized. Furthermore, FeS films were found to be excellent low-friction materials working like solid state lubricants in tribological applications [16].High-power impulse magnetron sputtering system (HiPIMS) is a relatively novel approach for the deposition of thin films [17][18][19][20]. This method utilizes very high discharge current densities during the pulse j D > 1 A cm −2 , but, simultaneously, average power applied in the HiPIMS discharge is similar to DC magnetron sputtering. These conditions result in a high degree of ionization of sputtered particles. Thus, the deposited films have higher density, better adhesion, and 3D objects such as trenches, etc. and can be more uniformly coated as well [21][22][23]. Recently, reactive HiPIMS in various gas mixtures has been used for the deposition of oxides, nitrides, and other materials [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].In this paper, we will present the first study of plasma parameters in the reactive HiPIMS in Ar + H 2 S gas mixture whose results could be further used for the optimization of deposition of iron sulfide thin films or other types of sulfides. ExperimentalThe experimental setup of the reactive HiPIMS in Ar + H 2 S gas mixture can be seen in Figure 1. The system is equipped with a pure iron Fe target with an outer diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 0.8 mm. The stainless-steel reactor vacuum chamber is continuously pumped by a combination of turbomolecular (pumping speed S t = 250 L·s −1 ) and rotary vane pumps (pumping speed S r = 25 m 3 h −1 ). The gas flow rates of Ar (99.9999%) and pure H 2 S (99.5%) are independently controlled by two mass flow controllers. It is useful to note that H 2 S is an inflammable and highly toxic gas. Consequently, the use of H 2 S in a laboratory is subject to approval by a respective official body. The pressure in the reactor cham...

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Microwave-hydrothermal synthesis of Co-doped FeS2 as a visible-light photocatalyst

Cited by 37 publications

References 31 publications

Nanocrystalline Pyrite for Photovoltaic Applications

Nanocrystalline Pyrite for Photovoltaic Applications

Photoluminescence and photonic absorbance of Ce2(MoO4)3 nanocrystal synthesized by microwave–hydrothermal/solvothermal method

Plasma Diagnostics in Reactive High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering System Working in Ar + H2S Gas Mixture

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