Microwave-Free Vector Magnetometry with Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers along a Single Axis in Diamond

Abstract

We propose and demonstrate a microwave-free vector magnetometer that simultaneously measures all Cartesian components of a magnetic field using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) ensembles in diamond. With fixed crystallographic axes inherent to the solid-state system, the present magnetometer leverages the level anticrossing in the triplet ground state at 102.4 mT, and is capable of measuring all three components of the magnetic field. Vector capability is proffered by modulating fields along the preferential NV axis and in the transverse plane and subsequent demodulation of the signal. This sensor exhibits a root mean square noise floor of ≈ 300 pT / √ Hz in all directions. The present technique is broadly applicable to both ensem-arXiv:1904.04361v1 [physics.app-ph]

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