Microwave Doppler radar in unobtrusive health monitoring

Girão, Pedro Silva; Postolache, Octavian; Postolache, Gabriela; Ramos, Pedro M.; Pereira, José Miguel

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/588/1/012046

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The K-band Doppler radar can especially provide several advantages compared to low frequency bands. It can have high sensitivity to small displacements of the human body and can be miniaturized [7][8][9][10]. Note that one of unlicensed radio bands is the 24 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study on the Feasibility of a 24 GHz ISM-Band Doppler Radar Antenna for Near-Field Sensing of Human Respiration in Electromagnetic Aspects

Park

Kim

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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The feasibility study of a 24 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band Doppler radar antenna in electromagnetic aspects is numerically performed for near-field sensing of human respiration. The Doppler radar antenna consists of a transmitting (Tx) antenna and a receiving (Rx) antenna close to the human body for a wearable device. The designed slot-type Doppler radar antenna is embedded between an RO4350B superstrate and an FR-4 substrate. To obtain the higher radiation pattern of the antenna towards the human body, a ground plane reflector is placed underneath the substrate. The measured −10 dB reflection coefficient (S11) bandwidth is 23.74 to 25.56 GHz and the mutual coupling (S21) between Tx and Rx antennas is lower than −30 dB at target frequencies. The Doppler radar performance of the proposed Doppler radar antenna is performed numerically by investigating the signal returned from the human body. The Doppler effect due to human respiration is investigated through the I/Q and arctangent demodulation of the returned signal. According to the results, the phase variation of the returned signal is proportional to the displacement of the body surface, which is about 0.8 rad in accordance with 1 mm displacement. The numerical experiments indicate that the proposed Doppler radar antenna can be used for near-field sensing of human respiration in electromagnetic aspects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study on the Feasibility of a 24 GHz ISM-Band Doppler Radar Antenna for Near-Field Sensing of Human Respiration in Electromagnetic Aspects

Park

Kim

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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“…The concept of contactless vital sign detection and monitoring using microwave has been applied since the 1970s [19] primarily for non-invasive, non-intrusive and unobtrusive medical diagnosis, including monitoring of foetal heartbeat, air emboli, blood pressure and blood flow [9]. In the context of a short theoretical study related to stellar motion, Christian Johann Doppler, using a simple formula, demonstrated the deviation of sin waves [20].…”

Section: A Doppler Effect Radar Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding frequencies used in non-invasive or contactless cardiopulmonary vital sign detection, significant research comes from Kara ([7,8], who used 'line-of-sight' between the sensor and human subject. Lee et al [8] and Girao et al [9] deployed Microwave frequencies, while Kara and Sovlukov [10] experimented with Ultrasound. Less expensive systems have been proposed, such as the Doppler Radar sensor by Nosrati and Tavassolian [11] who operated at 2.4 GHz but only focused on the detection of passive intercostal muscle movement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noncontact Detection of Cardiopulmonary Activities of Trapped Humans in Rescue Relief Events

2022

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Equipment for the correct identification of living objects entrapped under heavy debris is generally purpose-built, is costly, must be operated by highly trained professionals and is not readily available in a catastrophic event. A more readily available solution for improving the time-to-rescue ratio and logistics issues can be provided with smartphones which, equipped with software to find signs of life, are readily available at any disaster scene. This paper examines whether cardiac and pulmonary-related activities of living objects can provide acceptably accurate readings from a non-contact detection method. Laboratory experiments were conducted with Doppler radar at a 2.4GHz frequency spectrum similar to smartphone-like devices, with empirical results demonstrating that human vital signs can be clearly identified when using smartphones for non-contact detection of living objects entrapped under debris. Experiments also simulated the psychogenic tremors likely to be experienced by individuals while operating the sensor-equipped devices under crisis conditions. The results show a clear relationship between the wavelength of pulmonary and blood vessel activities and the distance between the trapped human and the sensor in various conditions. The article also reports the design of a pseudo learning algorithm for model-based anomaly detection in time series to detect vital signs during normal and abnormal ventilation based on cardiopulmonary clinical records and datasets. This work significantly contributes to the existing body of research on timely rescue during disaster events.

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“…For example, BP is estimated with pulse wave velocity and transit time, which are considered vital signs [ 48 ]. Similarly, BCG and plastic optical fiber technology have collected corresponding pulse waves with unobtrusive cardiovascular monitoring systems [ 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Data Collection Devices For Bioinformaticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data assimilation and multisource decision-making in systems biology based on unobtrusive Internet-of-Things devices

Tang

Chen³

2018

BioMed Eng OnLine

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Biological and medical diagnoses depend on high-quality measurements. A wearable device based on Internet of Things (IoT) must be unobtrusive to the human body to encourage users to accept continuous monitoring. However, unobtrusive IoT devices are usually of low quality and unreliable because of the limitation of technology progress that has slowed down at high peak. Therefore, advanced inference techniques must be developed to address the limitations of IoT devices. This review proposes that IoT technology in biological and medical applications should be based on a new data assimilation process that fuses multiple data scales from several sources to provide diagnoses. Moreover, the required technologies are ready to support the desired disease diagnosis levels, such as hypothesis test, multiple evidence fusion, machine learning, data assimilation, and systems biology. Furthermore, cross-disciplinary integration has emerged with advancements in IoT. For example, the multiscale modeling of systems biology from proteins and cells to organs integrates current developments in biology, medicine, mathematics, engineering, artificial intelligence, and semiconductor technologies. Based on the monitoring objectives of IoT devices, researchers have gradually developed ambulant, wearable, noninvasive, unobtrusive, low-cost, and pervasive monitoring devices with data assimilation methods that can overcome the limitations of devices in terms of quality measurement. In the future, the novel features of data assimilation in systems biology and ubiquitous sensory development can describe patients’ physical conditions based on few but long-term measurements.

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Microwave Doppler radar in unobtrusive health monitoring

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Numerical Study on the Feasibility of a 24 GHz ISM-Band Doppler Radar Antenna for Near-Field Sensing of Human Respiration in Electromagnetic Aspects

Numerical Study on the Feasibility of a 24 GHz ISM-Band Doppler Radar Antenna for Near-Field Sensing of Human Respiration in Electromagnetic Aspects

Noncontact Detection of Cardiopulmonary Activities of Trapped Humans in Rescue Relief Events

Data assimilation and multisource decision-making in systems biology based on unobtrusive Internet-of-Things devices

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