Microwave Discharge Electrodeless Lamps. Part VIII: Continuous On‐Site Solar Energy Remediation of Contaminated Water

Horikoshi, Satoshi; Nishimura, Tomoki; Tsutsumi, Hideya; Serpone, Nick

doi:10.1002/ceat.201500164

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Solar photochemistry also offers economic benefits for decentralized manufacturing, for example small-scale conversions of local biomass in the (tropical) essential oil industry or in developing countries [ 128 , 129 ]. In isolated and remote locations, photovoltaic (PV) panels can provide power for electrical components, as again successfully demonstrated for water treatment applications [ 130 , 131 ].…”

Section: Limitations Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Photooxygenations for the Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals—Technologies and Applications

2021

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Photooxygenation reactions involving singlet oxygen (1O2) are utilized industrially as a mild and sustainable access to oxygenated products. Due to the usage of organic dyes as photosensitizers, these transformations can be successfully conducted using natural sunlight. Modern solar chemical reactors enable outdoor operations on the demonstration (multigram) to technical (multikilogram) scales and have subsequently been employed for the manufacturing of fine chemicals such as fragrances or biologically active compounds. This review will highlight examples of solar photooxygenations for the manufacturing of industrially relevant target compounds and will discuss current challenges and opportunities of this sustainable methodology.

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Section: Limitations Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Photooxygenations for the Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals—Technologies and Applications

2021

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“…Such "solar driven solar reactors" have been pioneered for water detoxification applications. 183 A compact flow-through reactor module with solar-driven microwave discharge electrodeless lamps (MDLEs) and peristaltic pumps has likewise been developed by Horikoshi et al 184 The unit is designed for disaster relief and was successfully tested for the treatment of contaminated water.…”

Section: Challenges and Future Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Photochemical Synthesis: From the Beginnings of Organic Photochemistry to the Solar Manufacturing of Commodity Chemicals

2016

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Natural sunlight offers a cost-efficient and sustainable energy source for photochemical reactions. In contrast to the lengthy and small-scale "flask in the sun" procedures of the past, modern solar concentrator systems nowadays significantly shorten reaction times and enable technical-scale operations. After a brief historical introduction, this review presents the most important solar reactor types and their successful application in preparative solar syntheses. The examples demonstrate that solar manufacturing of fine chemicals is technically feasible and environmentally sustainable. After over 100 years, Ciamician's prophetic vision of "the photochemistry of the future" as a clean and green manufacturing methodology has yet to be realized. At the same time, his warning "for nature is not in a hurry but mankind is" is still valid today. It is hoped that this review will lead to a renewed interest in this truly enlightening technology, that it will stimulate photochemists and photochemical engineers to "go back to the roots onto the roofs" and that it will ultimately result in industrial applications in the foreseeable future.

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“…Our research efforts reported previously have focused on novel MDELs that use advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) toward water treatment and air purification [6,8,9]. In some cases, these MDELs contained traces of mercury that posed some concerns to the environment with regard to Hg-toxicity exposure in the form of organic and inorganic mercury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Hg-free UV light source incorporating a Kr/Br2 gas, and its application for wastewater treatments

Chitete-Mawenda

Serpone

Horikoshi

2021

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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Mercury lamps are typically the major light sources in water treatments. However, the use of mercury has raised some concerns with regard to the Minamata Convention on Mercury. As such, Hg-free microwave discharged electrodeless lamps (MDELs) that incorporate a rare gas and a halogen gas (R/H-MDEL) have been investigated with such Hg-free mixture filler gases as Kr/Cl 2 , Xe/Cl 2 , and Kr/Br 2 (R/H). Of these, only the Kr/Br 2 -MDEL lamp is self-ignited at an inner pressure of 15 Torr when irradiated with microwave radiation. Accordingly, a novel Kr/Br 2 three-layer MDEL (Kr/Br 2 -MDEL) photoreactor was fabricated to assess the optimal gas composition and gas pressure toward its performance vis-à-vis the treatment of model wastewaters contaminated with the tartrazine dye in aqueous media and with Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. The extent of degradation of the tartrazine dye and sterilization of E. coli increased with irradiation time, with microwave radiation power (100, 200, and 300 W), and with increased sample flow rate 0.4 L min -1 to 0.8 L min -1 . The tartrazine-contaminated wastewater was treated at a flow rate of 0.4 L min -1 for 60 min of microwave irradiation by three different protocols that resulted in UV (62%) >> UV/ROS (24%) > ROS (0%); ROS denotes reactive oxygen species. After 5 min irradiation of the E.coli wastewater, also at 0.4 L min -1 , the order was UV (99.5%) ≈ UV/ROS (99.3%) >> ROS (14.5%). For comparison, the photosterilization of E. coli with an equivalent Hg/Ar-MDEL light source was also nearly complete (99.7%). Thus, the suitability of the environmentally friendlier Kr/Br 2 gas fill to replace Hg/Ar filler gas in MDELs for the photoelimination of organic pollutants and microbial disinfection in aqueous media has been demonstrated.

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Microwave Discharge Electrodeless Lamps. Part VIII: Continuous On‐Site Solar Energy Remediation of Contaminated Water

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Solar Photooxygenations for the Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals—Technologies and Applications

Solar Photooxygenations for the Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals—Technologies and Applications

Solar Photochemical Synthesis: From the Beginnings of Organic Photochemistry to the Solar Manufacturing of Commodity Chemicals

Development of a Hg-free UV light source incorporating a Kr/Br2 gas, and its application for wastewater treatments

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