Microwave-assisted synthesis using ionic liquids

Abstract

The research and application of green chemistry principles have led to the development of cleaner processes. In this sense, during the present century an ever-growing number of studies have been published describing the use of ionic liquids (ILs) as solvents, catalysts, or templates to develop more environmentally friendly and efficient chemical transformations for their use in both academia and industry. The conjugation of ILs and microwave irradiation as a non-conventional heating source has shown evident advantages when compared to conventional synthetic procedures for the generation of fast, efficient, and environmental friendly synthetic methodologies. This review focuses on the advances in the use of ILs in organic, polymers and materials syntheses under MW irradiation conditions.

Perspectives of Ionic Liquids Applications for Clean Oilfield Technologies

“…In the second step, the desire the anion could be introduced by anionic exchange or metathesis reaction using the corresponding acid (HY) or metallic salt (MeY). The reaction time in each step depend on the reactivity of the involved reagents, but in general the first step is carried out in several hours by conventional heating (Δ), but the reaction time can be reduced considerably using non-conventional energy sources as ultrasound ( ))) ) or microwave irradiation (MW) (Martínez-Palou, 2010). A general scheme for the synthesis of imidazolium type ILs from imidazole is presented in Figure 2.…”

“…Ionic liquids (ILs) are gaining wide recognition as potential environmental solvents due to their unique properties (Wasserscheid & Keim, 2004, Martínez-Palou, 2007, Martínez-Palou, 2010 and their applications in Organic Synthesis (Wasserscheid & Welton, 2008, Martínez-Palou, 2006, catalysis (Gu et al, 2009, Toma et al, 2009, Olivier-Bourbigou, 2010, biocatalysis (Muginova et al, 2010, Moniruzzaman et al, 2010, in separation (Han & Row 2010), extraction (Poole & Poole, 2010) and dissolution processes (Torimoto et al, 2010, Zakrzewska et al, 2010, nanomaterials synthesis , polymerization reactions (Srivastava, et al, 2009) and electrochemistry (McFarlane et al 2010, Ohno & Fukumoto, 2008. ILs are an excellent alternative to substitute volatile organic solvents in more environmental friendly technologies, also known as "green technologies" (Rogers & Seddon, 2002) since their very low vapor pressures, their thermal and chemical stability, their ability to act as catalysts, and their non-flammability and non-corrosive properties which decreases the risk of worker exposure and the loss of solvent to the atmosphere.…”

Environmentally Friendly Corrosion Inhibitors

“…They offer novel physical and chemical properties like low toxicity, high chemical stability, low vapour pressure and high electrical conductivity [152][153][154][155][156][157].…”

Synthesis of novel quinolines using TsOH/ionic liquid under microwave

“…26 Due to their ionic nature, ILs allow highly effective interactions with microwave (MW) energy for the rapid generation of products with high yields. 27 Thus, here it is also investigated the synthesis of quinolines from 4-alkoxyvinylhalomethyl …”