Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Polyesters and Polyamides by Ring-Opening Polymerization

Fimberger, Martin; Wiesbrock, Frank

doi:10.1007/12_2014_293

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…In the last teen years, many reviews were published dealing with polymerization under MWs; including free radical polymerization [42], RAFT polymerization [43], stepgrowth polymerization [44], and ring-opening polymerization [45].…”

Section: Microwaves In Polymer Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Processing under Microwaves

Belkhir

Riquet

Becquart

2022

Advances in Polymer Technology

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Over the last decades, microwave heating has experienced a great development and reached various domains of application, especially in material processing. In the field of polymers, this unusual source of energy showed important advantages arising from the direct microwave/matter interaction. Indeed, microwave heating allows regio-, chemio-, and stereo-selectivity, faster chemical reactions, and higher yields even in solvent-free processes. Thus, this heating mode provides a good alternative to the conventional heating by reducing time and energy consumption, hence reducing the costs and ecological impact of polymer chemistry and processing. This review states some achievements in the use of microwaves as energy source during the synthesis and transformation of polymers. Both in-solution and free-solvent processes are described at different scales, with comparison between microwave and conventional heating.

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Section: Microwaves In Polymer Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Processing under Microwaves

Belkhir

Riquet

Becquart

2022

Advances in Polymer Technology

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“…Microwave heating (MWH) is a processing technique that delivers a fast polymerization rate and shortened reaction time from hours to minutes. Previous studies found that the reaction time could be reduced significantly when utilizing the MWH to the ROP of ɛ-caprolactone, compared to using the conventional heating (CH) method in identical conditions ( Liao et al, 2002 ; Yu et al, 2003 ; Li et al, 2007 ; Nguyen et al, 2014 ; Fimberger and Wiesbrock, 2016 ). However, the majority of the studies focused on the dielectric materials and their interactions with the electric field (E-field), largely ignoring the presence of the magnetic field (H-field) in a microwave electromagnetic field (EMF) ( Tanaka et al, 2008 ; Horikoshi et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ring opening polymerisation of ɛ-caprolactone with novel microwave magnetic heating and cyto-compatible catalyst

Wang

Dundas

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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We report on the ring-opening polymerization of ɛ-caprolactone incorporated with a magnetic susceptible catalyst, FeCl3, via the use of microwave magnetic heating (HH) which primarily heats the bulk with a magnetic field (H-field) from an electromagnetic field (EMF). Such a process was compared to more commonly used heating methods, such as conventional heating (CH), i.e., oil bath, and microwave electric heating (EH), which is also referred to as microwave heating that primarily heats the bulk with an electric field (E-field). We identified that the catalyst is susceptible to both the E-field and H-field heating, and promoted the heating of the bulk. Which, we noticed such promotion was a lot more significant in the HH heating experiment. Further investigating the impact of such observed effects in the ROP of ɛ-caprolactone, we found that the HH experiments showed a more significant improvement in both the product Mwt and yield as the input power increased. However, when the catalyst concentration was reduced from 400:1 to 1600:1 (Monomer:Catalyst molar ratio), the observed differentiation in the Mwt and yield between the EH and the HH heating methods diminished, which we hypothesized to be due to the limited species available that were susceptible to microwave magnetic heating. But comparable product results between the HH and EH heating methods suggest that the HH heating method along with a magnetic susceptible catalyst could be an alternative solution to overcome the penetration depth problem associated with the EH heating methods. The cytotoxicity of the produced polymer was investigated to identify its potential application as biomaterials.

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“…11,25 Meanwhile, microwave radiation may help to eliminate small molecules such as water in the polymerization and thus the equilibrium reactions shis to higher yield. 26,27 However, only a limited amount of research have focused on mechanism during the synthesis of PAAs or PIs by microwave. Seldom reference has concentrated on the structural evolutions and properties of PI products prepared by microwave-assisted thermal imidization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%