Microwave assisted synthesis of polyacrylamide grafted agar (Ag-g-PAM) and its application as flocculant for wastewater treatment

Mishra, Sumit; Sen, Gautam; Rani, G. Usha; Sinha, Sweta

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.06.015

Cited by 62 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Also, for the removal of suspended solids from the coal washery effluent, wastewater, and river water, flocculation aided by synthetic and semisynthetic flocculants continues to be a very effective strategy. 13,[15][16][17][18][19] Polyacrylamide is a polymer of acrylamide monomer. It is soluble in polar solvents and is nontoxic in nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterization and application of novel polyacrylamide‐grafted barley

Sen

Mishra

Dey

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polyacrylamide-grafted barley (BAR-g-PAM) was synthesized by ceric ion-based conventional method. The grafting of polyacrylamide chains on the polysaccharide backbone was confirmed through various physicochemical techniques such as intrinsic viscosity measurement, 13 C-NMR spectra, FTIR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy morphology, thermogravimetric analysis study, number-average molecular weight, and aqueous solubility. Furthermore, flocculation efficacy of the graft copolymers was studied in coal fine suspension through "jar test" procedure, toward its possible application as a novel flocculant for treatment of coal washery effluent. BAR-g-PAM is reported as a novel flocculant that can be used for bulk treatment of coal washery effluents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterization and application of novel polyacrylamide‐grafted barley

Sen

Mishra

Dey

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…25,84 It may be used along with a chemical free radical initiator (microwave assisted technique) 90,104 or even without any chemical free radical initiator (microwave initiated technique). 105 Microwave based techniques have certain advantages over other conventionally used techniques for free radical generation.…”

Section: Grafting Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

Lee

Chong

Robinson

et al. 2014

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Flocculation is extensively employed for clarification through sedimentation. Application of ecofriendly plant-based bio-flocculants in wastewater treatment has attracted significant attention lately with high removal capability in terms of solids, turbidity, colour and dye. However, moderate flocculating property and short shelf life restrict their development. In order to enhance the flocculating ability, natural polysaccharides derived from plants are chemically modified by inclusion of synthetic, non-biodegradable monomers (e.g. acrylamide) onto their backbone to produce grafted bio-flocculants. This review is aimed to provide an overview of the development and flocculating efficiencies of plant-based bio-flocculants and grafted bio-flocculants for the first time. Furthermore, the processing methods, flocculation mechanism and the current challenges are discussed. All the reported studies about plant-derived bio-flocculants are conducted under lab-scale conditions in wastewater treatment. Hence, the possibility to apply natural bio-flocculants in food and beverage, mineral, paper and pulp, oleo-chemical and biodiesel industries is discussed and evaluated.

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“…An optimum dosage was often observed for each of the polymeric flocculants. 25,27 This behaviour was ascribed to the polymer bridging mechanism associated with flocculation. Beyond the optimum dosage, there is insufficient space for polymer bridging between particles, which leads to a reduction in flocculation efficiency.…”

Section: Other Modified Natural Polymersmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Beyond the optimum dosage, there is insufficient space for polymer bridging between particles, which leads to a reduction in flocculation efficiency. 25,27 It is difficult to present an accurate comparison between these non-ionic flocculants, as well as subsequent cationic, anionic and amphoteric flocculants mentioned in this review article. Flocculation is a complex process and the flocculation efficiency is significantly dependent on a variety of factors, including but not limited to pH and ionic strength of the solution, agitation rate, particle size, charge density, molecular weight and dosage of the polymer.…”

Section: Other Modified Natural Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, properties and performance of organic polymers employed in flocculation applications

2016

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A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or, version of record, if you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the 'permanent WRAP URL' above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. Flocculation is a common technique that is widely used in many industrial applications to promote solid-liquid separation processes. The addition of a polymeric flocculant allows for destabilization of suspended colloidal particles, and thus significantly increases their sedimentation rate. Polymeric flocculants are generally divided into four categories, which include non-ionic, cationic, anionic, and amphoteric polymers. This minireview article summarises important information on the recent design and synthesis of polymeric materials from these four categories. In addition, their properties and flocculation efficiency are also presented and discussed.

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Microwave assisted synthesis of polyacrylamide grafted agar (Ag-g-PAM) and its application as flocculant for wastewater treatment

Cited by 62 publications

References 38 publications

Synthesis, characterization and application of novel polyacrylamide‐grafted barley

Synthesis, characterization and application of novel polyacrylamide‐grafted barley

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

Synthesis, properties and performance of organic polymers employed in flocculation applications

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