Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (HEMA)/Silica Hybrid Using in situ Polymerization Method

Kajiwara, Yuichi; Nagai, Atsushi; Chujo, Yoshiki

doi:10.1295/polymj.pj2009157

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We found that simultaneously performing the sol-gel reaction of methyltrimethoxysilane (MeTMOS) using acetic acid and the polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) proceeded rapidly under microwave irradiation. 74 Such a rapid sol-gel reaction enables homogeneous dispersion of robust optical solid materials. In this section, we explain a facile preparation method and the optical properties of boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) containing polymer-silica hybrid materials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creative Synthesis of Organic–Inorganic Molecular Hybrid Materials

Gon

Tanaka

Chujo

2017

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

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This manuscript describes a series of our research based on the concept of an organicinorganic molecular hybrid material. Homogeneous organicinorganic hybridization is accomplished by mixing organic components and inorganic ones at a molecular level. Based on the strategy, a great number of hybrid materials have been synthesized and brand-new properties have been developed. Organicinorganic hybrid materials insure the realization of the collaboration of organic features and inorganic features. We recently suggested a new concept of organic inorganic hybrid materials named 'element-blocks'. This concept provides the idea that an element-level design and combinations of the functional units can create innovative materials. Herein, we demonstrate synthetic methods and examples of the organicinorganic hybrid materials, and we introduce our recent work based on the concept of element-blocks.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creative Synthesis of Organic–Inorganic Molecular Hybrid Materials

Gon

Tanaka

Chujo

2017

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

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“…). Methods for step‐growth polymerizations, for example, polycondensation of diols with dicarboxylic acids and polyaddition of dialkynes with diazido via in situ azidation of dibromo compounds, as well as chain polymerizations, for example, radical polymerization of methacrylate, anionic polymerization of acrylamide, ring‐opening cationic polymerization of 2‐oxazoline derivatives, and ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters, have all incorporated microwave heating. The exponentially increasing number of publications concerning microwave heating of organic reactions indicates the remarkable interest in and effectiveness of this technique …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of microwave irradiation on the kinetics and activation thermodynamics of ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone

Yamada

Takasu

Kawamura

2013

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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We examined the ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone in toluene between 50 and 70 °C, and catalyzed by some Lewis and Brønsted acids to investigate the effects of microwave versus conventional heating on the kinetics and activation thermodynamics of the reaction. The polymerizations proceeded more rapidly when microwave heating, instead of conventional heating, was used to control the temperature. The number‐average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer could be controlled even when microwave heating was used. To identify which thermodynamic activation constants were responsible for the accelerated polymerizations, we performed the reaction at different temperatures to obtain data for the Arrhenius and Eyring equations. Although the values for the activation energies and the activation enthalpies were larger when microwave heating rather than conventional heating was used, the frequency factors and the activation entropies (ΔS‡) over compensated for the less favorable activation energies and enthalpies. The more favorable ΔG‡ found for the microwave‐assisted polymerizations mainly reflect the larger ΔS‡ values, and the rate accelerations appear to be a consequence of differently arranged intermediates and/or transition states. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 3732–3739

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“…Microwave heating is widely used to accelerate organic reactions, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] to reduce polymerization times, [12][13][14][15] and to enhance the activity of enzymes. [16][17][18] The majority of the reaction acceleration obtained in this manner can be explained by the thermal effect of the microwaves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microwave heating mechanism of N-(4-methoxybenzyliden)-4-butylaniline in liquid crystalline and isotropic phases as determined using in situ microwave irradiation NMR spectroscopy

Tasei

Tanigawa

Kawamura

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Microwave heating effects are widely used in the acceleration of organic, polymerization and enzymatic reactions. These effects are primarily caused by the local heating induced by microwave irradiation. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms associated with microwave heating effects on the chemical reactions are not yet well understood. This study investigated the microwave heating effect of N-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-4-butylaniline (MBBA) in liquid crystalline and isotropic phases using in situ microwave irradiation nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, by obtaining (1)H NMR spectra of MBBA under microwave irradiation. When heated simply using the temperature control unit of the NMR instrument, the liquid crystalline MBBA was converted to the isotropic phase exactly at its phase transition temperature (Tc) of 41 °C. The application of microwave irradiation at 130 W for 90 s while maintaining the instrument temperature at 20 °C generated a small amount of isotropic phase within the bulk liquid crystal. The sample temperature of the liquid crystalline state obtained during microwave irradiation was estimated to be 35 °C by assessing the linewidths of the (1)H NMR spectrum. This partial transition to the isotropic phase can be attributed to a non-equilibrium local heating state induced by the microwave irradiation. The application of microwave at 195 W for 5 min to isotropic MBBA while maintaining an instrument temperature of 50 °C raised the sample temperature to 160 °C. In this study, the MBBA temperature during microwave irradiation was estimated by measuring the temperature dependent chemical shifts of individual protons in the sample, and the different protons were found to indicate significantly different temperatures in the molecule. These results suggest that microwave heating polarizes bonds in polar functional groups, and this effect may partly explain the attendant acceleration of organic reactions.

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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (HEMA)/Silica Hybrid Using in situ Polymerization Method

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Creative Synthesis of Organic–Inorganic Molecular Hybrid Materials

Creative Synthesis of Organic–Inorganic Molecular Hybrid Materials

The effect of microwave irradiation on the kinetics and activation thermodynamics of ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone

The microwave heating mechanism of N-(4-methoxybenzyliden)-4-butylaniline in liquid crystalline and isotropic phases as determined using in situ microwave irradiation NMR spectroscopy

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