Microwave assisted synthesis of metal-free phthalocyanine and metallophthalocyanines

Synthesis, electrochemistry and in situ spectroelectrochemistry of novel hexadeca-substituted phthalocyanines with three different groups

“…Synthesis of phthalocyanines with microwave methods has attracted considerable interest in recent years due to traditional synthetic routes to phthalocyanines need long reaction times and very high temperatures [24][25][26].…”

Microwave assisted synthesis and characterization of novel metal-free and metallophthalocyanines containing four pyridyl groups

“…In particular, the reaction time and energy input are supposed to be mostly reduced in the reactions that are run for a long time at high temperatures under conventional conditions [18]. Microwaves have been previously used for the synthesis of phthalocyanines and include a wider range of references on the topic [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Synthesis of dihydropyridines and quinoxaline drivatives using 1-methyl-3-(2-(sulfooxy)ethyl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride as a new, reusable and efficient Bronsted acidic ionic liquid catalyst

“…Bi-catalyzed oxidative coupling of epoxides with ene-1,2-diamines [17], heteroannulation of nitroketene N,S-aryliminoacetals [18] and etc, Various reagents have been used for the synthesis of derivatives quinoxaline, which include iodine [19], silica sulfuric acid [20], Ni-nanoparticles [21], cerium ammonium nitrate [22], InCl3 [23], microwave irradiation [24,25], ionic liquid [26] [29,30]. However, many of these methods suffer from certain drawbacks including longer reaction times, unsatisfactory yields, low efficiency, long time period for completing these reactions, harsh reaction conditions, and using poisonous and expensive catalyst materials.…”