Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of microalgae for biofuel production

Du, Zhenyi; Li, Yecong; Wang, Xiaoquan; Wan, Yiqin; Chen, Qin; Wang, Chenguang; Lin, Xiangyang; Liu, Yuhuan; Chen, Paul; Ruan, Roger

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.055

Cited by 347 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The aliphatic hydrocarbon content increased to its highest value (19.6%) at 700 °C. This maximum aliphatic hydrocarbon value found in this study was higher than those reported in earlier studies [3,30]. In addition, the maximum aliphatic hydrocarbon content found in this study was much higher than the maximum hydrocarbon content in pyrolysis products obtained from other types of biomass [31][32][33].…”

Section: Pyrolysis Products Of Schizochytrium Limacinum By Gc/mscontrasting

confidence: 76%

“…As can be seen from Table 2, the relative content of aromatic hydrocarbons in pyrolysis products of Schizochytrium limacinum increased with as the temperature increased from 300 °C to 800 °C. The aromatic hydrocarbon content reached the highest value of 41.1% at 800°C, which is also higher than the value reported in literature [30]. This observation suggests that benzene and benzene derivatives are major aromatic compounds in Schizochytrium limacinum.…”

Section: Pyrolysis Products Of Schizochytrium Limacinum By Gc/mscontrasting

confidence: 54%

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Yield and Characteristics of Pyrolysis Products Obtained from Schizochytrium limacinum under Different Temperature Regimes

Zhou

et al. 2013

Energies

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Pyrolysis-gas chromatographic mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) was used to determine the yield and chemical composition of the pyrolysis products of Schizochytrium limacinum. The pyrolysis was carried out by varying the temperature from 300 °C to 800 °C. It was found that the main decomposition temperature of Schizochytrium limacinum was 428.16 °C, at which up to 66.5% of the mass was lost. A further 18.7% mass loss then occurred in a relatively slow pace until 760.2 °C due to complete decomposition of the ash content of Schizochytrium limacinum. The pyrolysis of Schizochytrium limacinum at 700 °C produced the maximum yield (67.7%) of pyrolysis products compared to 61.2% at 400 °C. While pollutants released at 700 °C (12.3%) was much higher than that of 400 °C (2.1%). Higher temperature will lead to more pollutant (nitrogen compounds and PAHs) release, OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2013, 6 3340 which is harmful to the environment. Considering the reasonably high yield and minimum release of pollutants, a lower pyrolysis temperature (400 °C) was found to be optimum for producing biofuel from Schizochytrium limacinum.

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Section: Pyrolysis Products Of Schizochytrium Limacinum By Gc/mscontrasting

confidence: 76%

Section: Pyrolysis Products Of Schizochytrium Limacinum By Gc/mscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Yield and Characteristics of Pyrolysis Products Obtained from Schizochytrium limacinum under Different Temperature Regimes

Zhou

et al. 2013

Energies

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“…Lipid and starch fractions of algae can be processed into renewable fuel by several different processing methods, including: pyrolysis [37], thermochemical liquefaction [38], fermentation [39], and transesterification [40]. Most thermochemical conversion methods such as direct combustion, gasification, and pyrolysis require low-moisture-content biomass.…”

Section: Algae Production Processing and Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Environmental Factors and Nutrient Availability on the Biochemical Composition of Algae for Biofuels Production: A Review

2013

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Due to significant lipid and carbohydrate production as well as other useful properties such as high production of useful biomolecular substrates (e.g., lipids) and the ability to grow using non-potable water sources, algae are being explored as a potential high-yield feedstock for biofuels production. In both natural and engineered systems, algae can be exposed to a variety of environmental conditions that affect growth rate and cellular composition. With respect to the latter, the amount of carbon fixed in lipids and carbohydrates (e.g., starch) is highly influenced by environmental factors and nutrient availability. Understanding synergistic interactions between multiple environmental variables and nutritional factors is required to develop sustainable high productivity bioalgae systems, which are essential for commercial biofuel production. This article reviews the effects of environmental factors (i.e., temperature, light and pH) and nutrient availability (e.g., carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace metals) as well as cross-interactions on the biochemical composition of algae with a special focus on carbon fixation and partitioning of carbon from a biofuels perspective.

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“…A new experimental microwave assisted method of pyrolysis has been laboratory tested on Chlorella yielding up to 22 % bio-oil (Du et al 2011) ; but further development of these approaches is required before they can be regarded as suitable for full-scale application (Lam and Chase 2012).…”

Section: Pyrolysis Of Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bio-oil from microalgae pyrolysis has been reported to have a lower oxygen content and viscosity and higher heating value than bio-oil from wood or other terrestrial plant material Du et al 2011), and could be more suitable for refining into liquid fuels. However bio-oil from both macroalgae and microalgae may contain nitrogen compounds that bring additional fuel refining costs (Maddi et al 2011).…”

Section: Refining Of Pyrolysis Bio-oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%