Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis of Biomass for Bio-Oil Production: A Review of the Operation Parameters

Zhang, Yaning; Zhao, Wei; Li, Bingxi; Xie, Gongnan

doi:10.1115/1.4039604

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(150 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the results showed that the CO 2 yield is relatively high and the H 2 yield is relatively low in thermal pyrolysis of coal, whereas the microwave pyrolysis of coal and biomass blends generated a significantly greater fraction of H 2 , CO, and CH 4 . The optimal microwave powers and heat treatment temperatures were mainly in the range of 300–1500 W and 260–877 °C for the bio-oil production from co-pyrolysis of macroalgae and lignocellulosic feedstock . The co-pyrolysis of macroalgae and lignocellulosic biomass gave the maximum pyrolysis oil at a heat treatment temperature of 450 °C and a heating rate of 20 K min –1 with 80% mass of rice husk in the mixture .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 The optimal microwave powers and heat treatment temperatures were mainly in the range of 300−1500 W and 260−877 °C for the bio-oil production from co-pyrolysis of macroalgae and lignocellulosic feedstock. 16 The co-pyrolysis of macroalgae and lignocellulosic biomass gave the maximum pyrolysis oil at a heat treatment temperature of 450 °C and a heating rate of 20 K min −1 with 80% mass of rice husk in the mixture. 17 However, little is known about structure−property relationships of the product governing the radical formation during co-pyrolysis of blends in both thermal and microwaveassisted pyrolysis processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Microwave and Thermal Co-pyrolysis of Low-Rank Coal and Pine Wood on Product Distributions and Char Structure

et al. 2019

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Direct conversion of a low-rank coal into valuable chemicals or improving its char's coking value became very demanding goals in coal utilization strategies. In this work, the co-pyrolysis of a low-rank lignite coal and pine wood sawdust biomass blended at a 3:1 coal-to-biomass ratio was investigated along with original coal and biomass samples by microwaveassisted and conventional thermal methods at 550 °C under nitrogen and ambient pressure. The carbon structure and its reactivity in generated chars and the product distributions were greatly affected by the applied heating mechanism and the presence of biomass during coal pyrolysis. High gas and low tar yields were observed for all microwave chars in comparison to thermal chars, regardless of composition. The addition of biomass to coal increased the tar yield under both methods and to a higher extent under the microwave. This agrees with the high gas yield and high aromatic-to-aliphatic fraction observed under the microwave and the presence of biomass. The high O/C ratio and low fixed carbon content in a biomass structure relative to coal affect the product distribution during microwave pyrolysis. This could selectively heat the biomass in the sample, remove its polar groups, and convert it into an efficient microwave absorber biochar that can decompose coal efficiently during copyrolysis. The aromatic carbon stacking and its ordering in the generated chars were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, dielectric property measurements, and electron spin resonance techniques. A synergistic effect was observed upon biomass addition during microwave coal pyrolysis. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy revealed that the microwave coal/biomass char is the most stable char with the lowest free radical concentration. This agrees with the highest I G / I all band area ratio calculated from Raman analysis revealing a more graphitic nature for carbon in this char. Similarly, the dielectric properties confirmed that the addition of biomass to coal under the microwave has the highest loss tangent, indicating a high graphitic nature compared to pure biochar or coal char.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Microwave and Thermal Co-pyrolysis of Low-Rank Coal and Pine Wood on Product Distributions and Char Structure

et al. 2019

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“…It is, therefore, easy to trade among the farming community 12 , 13 . Likewise, bio-oil, one of the pyrolytic products from the thermochemical decomposition of biomass, is a dark brown and viscous organic liquid that offers several utilizations due to the presence of various chemical compounds in it 14 , 15 . The availability of a number of chemical compounds, in bio-oil, increases its use as an alternate fossil fuel along with its enhanced utilization in the biochemical, packaging, and pharmaceutical industries 6 , 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process optimization and technoeconomic environmental assessment of biofuel produced by solar powered microwave pyrolysis

Fodah

Abdelwahab

2022

Sci Rep

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Microwave pyrolysis of corn stover has been optimized by Response surface methodology under different microwave power (500, 700, and 900 W) and three ratios of activated carbon additive (10, 15, and 20%) for obtaining maximum bio-oil yield followed by biochar. The optimal result has been evaluated and the environmental and techno-economic impacts of using solar-powered microwave heating have been tested. The optimal pyrolysis condition found to be 700 W microwave power and 10% of activated carbon. The yields of both bio-oil and biochar were about 74 wt% under optimal condition. The higher heat values of 26 MJ/kg and 16 MJ/kg were respectively achieved for biochar and bio-oil. The major components of bio-oil were hydrocarbons (36%) and phenols (28%) with low oxygen-containing compounds (2%) and acids (2%). Using the solar-powered system, 20,549 tonnes of CO2 can be mitigated over the lifetime of the set-up, resulting in USD 51,373 in carbon credit earnings, compared to 16,875 tonnes of CO2 mitigation and USD 42,167 in carbon credit earnings from a grid electricity system. The payback periods for solar-powered and grid-connected electrical systems are estimated to be 1.6 and 0.5 years, respectively, based on biochar and bio-oil income of USD 39,700 and USD 45,400.

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“…As shown in references [15,19], the biomass washing with a dilute acid could remove over 90% of ash content; therefore, acid washing should have a significantly positive influence on biomass quality. The catalytic processing of pyrolysis vapors is the second way used to improve the quality of the bio-oil [20][21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cr/13X Zeolite and Zn/13X Zeolite Nanocatalysts Used in Pyrolysis of Pretreated Residual Biomass to Produce Bio-Oil with Improved Quality

David

Armeanu

2022

Nanomaterials

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By loading Cr and Zn on 13X zeolite, efficient nanocatalysts were prepared; they were characterized by different techniques and used for corn cobs pyrolysis to produce bio-oil. The corn cobs biomass (CCB) was washed with sulfuric acid 0.1 M, and the characteristics of the pretreated biomass (PTCCB) were analyzed. Pyrolysis was performed at different catalyst-to-biomass ratios (C/B), and the composition of the obtained bio-oil was determined. The results showed that the crystallinity of the nanocatalysts was slightly lower than that of the pattern 13X zeolite. The surface observation of the nanocatalysts showed the presence of pores and particles, which are quite evenly dispersed on the surface, and no difference was observed in the morphology of the Zn/13X zeolite and Cr /13X zeolite nanocatalysts. In comparison to 13X zeolite, the morphological changes, metal dispersion, and surface area decrease of both Zn/13X and Cr/13X zeolite nanocatalysts could be observed. Pyrolysis tests demonstrated that the use of Zn/13X zeolite and Cr/13X zeolite nanocatalysts could be very profitable to obtain a high conversion to hydrocarbons of the compounds containing oxygen, and consequently, the quality of the bio-oil was improved.

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Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis of Biomass for Bio-Oil Production: A Review of the Operation Parameters

Cited by 35 publications

References 105 publications

Effect of Microwave and Thermal Co-pyrolysis of Low-Rank Coal and Pine Wood on Product Distributions and Char Structure

Effect of Microwave and Thermal Co-pyrolysis of Low-Rank Coal and Pine Wood on Product Distributions and Char Structure

Process optimization and technoeconomic environmental assessment of biofuel produced by solar powered microwave pyrolysis

Cr/13X Zeolite and Zn/13X Zeolite Nanocatalysts Used in Pyrolysis of Pretreated Residual Biomass to Produce Bio-Oil with Improved Quality

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