Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside—Method Development

Abstract

An optimized microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method was developed for extracting secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) from flaxseed. This paper presents the optimization of factors for maximizing the extraction yield of SDG. This work was conducted using the experimental domain identified in a previous study by means of screening designs, that is, samples of 1 g defatted flaxseed meal (DFM) were extracted with 50 ml NaOH of concentration of 0.5-1 M, at microwave power levels of 60-360 W, for 3-9 min, with the microwave power applied intermittently (power on 30 s/min) and continuously (power on 60 s/min). The MAE of SDG was maximized when 1 g DFM was extracted with 50 ml 0.5 M NaOH, at 135 W, for 3 min in intermittent power mode (power on 30 s/min). The optimized MAE achieved a 6% increase in the extraction yield (21.45 mg SDG per gram DFM) as opposed to a direct hydrolysis method (20.22 mg SDG per gram DFM). The MAE of SDG was governed by the microwave-NaOH interaction, which had a curvilinear dependence on the microwave power level, and linear dependence on the NaOH concentration. The microwave-induced effects accounted for a 10% increase in the SDG extraction yield (21.45 mg SDG per gram DFM) as opposed to a microwaveless control method (19.45 mg SDG per gram DFM). The optimized MAE method has good repeatability, a 97% recovery of the target compound; it is fast and efficient and can be used for precise quantification of SDG in flaxseed.

New Concepts, Experimental Approaches, and Dereplication Strategies for the Discovery of Novel Phytoestrogens from Natural Sources

“…Using this apparatus, the major isoflavones were extracted efficiently in a short time. Nemes and Orsat [82] optimized by response surface methodology a fast MAE method for extracting secoisolariciresinol diglucoside from flaxseed. A particular point of this specific method is the use of sodium hydroxide diluted in water, which improves the release of the glucoside lignan from the matrix.…”

Phenolic Compounds in Flaxseed: a Review of Their Properties and Analytical Methods. An Overview of the Last Decade

“…The modern techniques include: liquid-liquid extraction LLE , supercritical fluid extraction SFE , pressurized liquid extraction PLE , microwave-assisted extraction MAE , and ultrasound-assisted extraction UAE 22 . The particular phenolic findings in flaxseed depend on the extraction performed to analyse them.…”

Flaxseed Soluble Dietary Fibre Enhances Lactic Acid Bacterial Survival and Growth in Kefir and Possesses High Antioxidant Capacity

“…The microwave extraction of flaxseed mucilage was conducted according to the method describe by Nemes and Orsat (2011) with some modifications using a CEM STAR 2 Plus System (CEM Corporation, Matthews, NC, USA) operating at 800 w maximum power and 2455 MHz frequency. Whole ground flaxseed (5 g) was mixed with distilled water (150 mL) in the quartz tube and then placed inside the microwave cavity with temperature set at 90 °C for 30 min.…”