Microvesicles in Gliomas and Medulloblastomas: An Overview

Nawaz, Muhammad; Fatima, Farah; Zanetti, Bruna Riedo; Martins, Isabela de Lima; Schiavotelo, Nathalia Lopes; Mendes, Niele Dias; Silvestre, Renata Nacasaki; Neder, Luciano

doi:10.4236/jct.2014.52023

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…64,65 Altogether, these observations indicate that actin motors and elements of the cytoskeleton might be involved in the formation of extracellular vesicles. Consistent with this, Nawaz et al 11 have speculated that extracellular vesicle budding might occur as a result of cell extrusion and membrane blebbing at lipid rafts through 'spindle rocking' (previously observed in aberrant cytokinesis 66 ).…”

Section: Exosomes and Microvesiclesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The formation of exosomes and microvesicles is proposed to occur via two distinct pathways, while apoptotic bodies arise as a consequence of indiscriminate membrane blebbing during apoptosis. Golgi vesicles could also be considered as part of the extracellular vesicle populations, 11 where their existence in body fluids might be representative of distinct disease states. Clearly, an enhanced knowledge of the different mechanisms that drive the biogenesis of these subpopulations could help to identify their utility as diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.…”

Section: Biogenesis Of Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These small (40-5000 nm diameter) membrane-bound vesicles are categorized into exosomes, microvesicles or ectosomes, apoptotic bodies [6][7][8][9][10] or Golgi vesicles 11 on the basis of their size, origin, morpho logy and mode of release. Well-known for biological effects, such as signalling and transfer of cargo, extracellular vesicles are secreted under various pathophysiologic conditions into the extracellular environ ment by a variety of cell types, promoting tumour progression, survival, invasion and angiogenesis, [12][13][14][15][16][17] as well as influencing the immune response, cell-to-cell communication, extracellular matrix degradation, coagu lation, stemcell renewal, cardiovascular functions and resistance to drugs ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The emerging role of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for urogenital cancers

et al. 2014

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The knowledge gained from comprehensive profiling projects that aim to define the complex genomic alterations present within cancers will undoubtedly improve our ability to detect and treat those diseases, but the influence of these resources on our understanding of basic cancer biology is still to be demonstrated. Extracellular vesicles have gained considerable attention in past years, both as mediators of intercellular signalling and as potential sources for the discovery of novel cancer biomarkers. In general, research on extracellular vesicles investigates either the basic mechanism of vesicle formation and cargo incorporation, or the isolation of vesicles from available body fluids for biomarker discovery. A deeper understanding of the cargo molecules present in extracellular vesicles obtained from patients with urogenital cancers, through high-throughput proteomics or genomics approaches, will aid in the identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and can potentially lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets.

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Section: Exosomes and Microvesiclesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Biogenesis Of Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The emerging role of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for urogenital cancers

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“…Due to their natural capacity in transportation and dissemination of abnormal proteins, lipids, mutated genes, and deregulated nucleic acids-EVs have been implicated in number of diseases such as neurodegenerative disease [23,24], inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases [25,26], and the development of cancers [15,[27][28][29]. The secretion and transportation of EVs from biologically active cells are likely to be context dependent, so that the signals that a particular cell receives may elicit tissue remodeling and regeneration as a response to diseases [30].…”

Section: Biological Functions Of Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mining Extracellular Vesicles for Clinically Relevant Noninvasive Diagnostic Biomarkers in Cancer

Nawaz¹,

Fatima²,

Squire³

2017

Novel Implications of Exosomes in Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer and Infectious Diseases

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized vesicles secreted by virtually all cell types into the extracellular milieu. EVs transport bioactive molecules between cells and play multifaceted roles in cell-to-cell communications and in the pathogenesis of various human diseases including cancer. EVs are currently a focus of intensive interest, mainly because they hold a wealth of biological information in the form of differentially expressed nucleic acids and proteins, including DNA and cancer-related mutated genes, microRNAs, and a variety of transcriptional factors. Both the mutational content and any differentially expressed RNA are highly stable in patient blood or urine because they are encapsulated in EVs. This protects them against nuclease activity, pH change, temperature fluctuations, and multiple free-thaw cycles. Therefore, EVs isolated from patient fluids may serve as an ideal source of liquid biopsy for mining cancer signatures through mutation screening and genetic profiling. However, the methods for obtaining pure and intact EVs from patient samples, as well as the optimized characterization of tumor-derived EVs are still not rigorously defined for routine clinical use. High-throughput genomic or proteomic platforms may aid in the identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers that collectively could lead to cancer monitoring and improved patient outcome.

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“…Mounting body of evidence has revealed that EVs are secreted under both physiological and pathological conditions and serve as mediators of cell-to-cell signalling and communication [164]. Therefore, they can propagate number of diseases such as neurodegenerative disease [172][173][174][175], inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases [176,177]. The dissemination of ncRNA content via…”

Section: Roles In Normal Physiology Health and Disease Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estudo sobre as respostas inflamatórias em modelo experimental de artrite séptica induzida por Staphylococcus aureus e suas vesículas

Fatima¹

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I would like to express my profound gratitude to all those who helped me in different ways during my PhD. In particular I am rather indebted to thank; Luciano Neder: PhD supervisor, for giving me the opportunity to work in his group. His kind supervision, guidance, and allowing me to work at my own pace and comfort made this submission possible. The biggest appreciation is the opportunity he gave me to have a work-life balance, allowing me to take decision that are suitable for my scenarios that allowed me complete mental strength and peace to fulfil my work efficiently. I will ever be thankful for all this. Tao Jin: my co-supervisor, who proved to be one of the productive additions in my scientific career. It was a great experience being at Gothenburg and exploring new areas of research in his lab at Sahlgrenska Academy. He provided me with great lab facilities along with complete independence and confidence to work independently on new projects. His friendly way of mentoring will always leave a mark on my future research career. Alfredo Ribeiro da Silva and other members of the postgraduate program of department of pathology: for making things easy going, documentations and related matters at the department. Many thanks to my lab colleagues both in Brazil and Sweden; Bruna Zanetti, Niele Dias Mendes, Renata Silvestre, Nathalia and Isabela, Deise, Anabelle, Abukar, Manli, Fei and Majd for their pleasant company and assistance during my research work as well as facilitating my stay in the lab. Camila Zambonini: Thank you so much for administrative help during all my time at this department. It was all hard to complete PhD. I also thank Felipe Denipotte Coelho, Rodrigo Banzi, Rosangela, Neide Terezinha and Antonio de Padua for helping me in several ways. Yes, that IT expert guy: every time appears with a whistle and solves the technical issues. Finally, my deepest gratitude goes to my parents for unconditional love and support throughout my life. Their hard work and dedication made me able to achieve what I seek today. Unfortunately they left too soon to see that there efforts no doubt made me stand where I am today. Their uncountable prayers have, and will always lighten my paths. May they rest in the highest place of Jannah (Heaven). Ameen. Muhammad Umer, my only brother, my first friend and my mentor and role model in every aspect of life. The space you left can never be filled. My sisters Nadia Haroon, Aisha Jaudat and Madiha Aslam for the continous support, friendly chats and unconditional love, my brother in laws Haroon Jamil, Jaudat Fayyazi and Shehzad Aslam for their prayers, wishes and support and my little group of loud and fun gang, my nephews Abdur rehman Haroon, Rayyan Aslam, Fahad Haroon and Muhammad Azlan and our lovely princess Aidha Jaudat for the fun times, treats and lovely bonding. Moreover, I extend special thanks to my in-laws for their continuous prayers and wishes for my success in life. May Allah keep my whole family and relatives, healthy and place them among His loved ones. Ameen Last bu...

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Microvesicles in Gliomas and Medulloblastomas: An Overview

Cited by 18 publications

References 58 publications

The emerging role of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for urogenital cancers

The emerging role of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for urogenital cancers

Mining Extracellular Vesicles for Clinically Relevant Noninvasive Diagnostic Biomarkers in Cancer

Estudo sobre as respostas inflamatórias em modelo experimental de artrite séptica induzida por Staphylococcus aureus e suas vesículas

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