Microturbine Performance Testing using Biodiesel

Chiang, Hsiao-Wei D.; Chiang, I-Che; Li, Hsin-Lung

doi:10.1515/tjj.2009.26.2.127

Cited by 4 publications

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“…The results point out that influence of various species can be significant and different for each case. The experimental xiii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Industrial CO 2 emission of large point sources (Gale, 2002;Bauer, 2005) ..... 57 Figure 11: Influence of pressure ratio on system performance (Palsson et al, 2000) .................. 81 Figure 12: Effect of pressure on SOFC-GT-CHP power system efficiency 82 Figure 13: Tubular SOFC discretization along longitudinal direction for quasi-two dimensional model (Song et al, 2005) and compressor outlet pressure for various output powers when the system was fuelled by B10 (Chiang, 1995) xviii Figure 88: Turbine inlet temperature, exhaust stream temperature, compressor inlet air mass flow rate, and ambient temperature for various output powers when the system was fuelled by B10 (Chiang, 1995) Canada (Environment Canada, 1997) 13: Fuel consumption, electricity production, and GHG emissions for both the reference case (existing conditions) and each GHG reduction scenario in Ontario, estimated by using Tier (Rubin et al, 2007) .......................... 43 Table 22: Summary of recent study (after 2004) for costs of a new power plant with and without CO 2 capture unit based on current technologies (Rubin et al, 2007) 35: Heat duty of heat exchangers in the hybrid SOFC-GT system (both configurations) 171 Table 36: Molar composition of a syngas used in this analysis (Kee et al, 2008) (Borbely and Kreider, 2001) ............ 249 (Chiang et al, 2009) .......................................................... 258 Table 52: The summary of experimental results from the micro gas turbine system (Chiang, 1995;Li, 2010)…”

Section: Author's Declarationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To improve the performance of micro gas turbines and/or reduce their environmental impacts, several approaches have been proposed, such as utilization of micro turbines in CCHP plants (Popovic, 2002), hybrid solid oxide fuel cell and MGT cycles (Song et al, 2005), and biodiesel fuelled MGTs (Chiang, Chiang, and Li, 2009). Biofuels, such as biodiesel, are environmentally friendly alternatives for conventional fossil fuels.…”

Section: Department Of Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They can be derived from renewable resources, such as vegetable oils or animal fat. Their advantages can be enumerated as: very low emissions (especially when the life cycle emissions are taken into account, though some specific emission sources, such as NO x , may increase), easy to use in conventional engines, nontoxic, biodegradable, improved lubricity, and free of sulfur and aromatics (Chiang et al, 2009). However, biodiesel's volumetric and mass heating value is lower than that of petroleum-based diesel, and it suffers from poor cold flow performance, due to higher viscosity and density, which may cause some problems in the fuel injection system (Karra, Veltman, and Kong, 2008).…”

Section: Department Of Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling of advanced fossil fuel power plants

Zabihian¹

2021

Preprint

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The first part of this thesis deals with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from fossil fuel-fired power stations. The GHG emission estimation from fossil fuel power generation industry signifies that emissions from this industry can be significantly reduced by fuel switching and adaption of advanced power generation technologies. In the second part of the thesis, steady-state models of some of the advanced fossil fuel power generation technologies are presented. The impacts of various parameters on the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) overpotentials and outputs are investigated. The detail analyses of operation of the hybrid SOFC-gas turbine (GT) cycle when fuelled with methane and syngas demonstrate that the efficiencies of the cycles with and without anode exhaust recirculation are close, but the specific power of the former is much higher. The parametric analysis of the performance of the hybrid SOFC-GT cycle indicates that increasing the system operating pressure and SOFC operating temperature and fuel utilization factor improves cycle efficiency, but the effects of the increasing SOFC current density and turbine inlet temperature are not favourable. The analysis of the operation of the system when fuelled with a wide range of fuel types demonstrates that the hybrid SOFC-GT cycle efficiency can be between 59% and 75%, depending on the inlet fuel type. Then, the system performance is investigated when methane as a reference fuel is replaced with various species that can be found in the fuel, i.e., H₂, CO₂, CO, and N₂. The results point out that influence of various species can be significant and different for each case. The experimental and numerical analyses of a biodiesel fuelled micro gas turbine indicate that fuel switching from petrodiesel to biodiesel can influence operational parameters of the system. The modeling results of gas turbine-based power plants signify that relatively simple models can predict plant performance with acceptable accuracy. The unique feature of these models is that they are developed based on similar assumptions and run at similar conditions; therefore, their results can be compared. This work demonstrates that, although utilization of fossil fuels for power generation is inevitable, at least in the short- and mid-term future, it is possible and practical to carry out such utilization more efficiently and in an environmentally friendlier manner.

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Section: Author's Declarationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Department Of Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Department Of Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling of advanced fossil fuel power plants

Zabihian¹

2021

Preprint

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“…Nascimento and Santos (2011), for a gas turbine efficiency, cited that using of biodiesel fuel blends in a gas turbine engine results in a higher thermal and combustion efficiency compared to the conventional diesel fuel. Krishna (2007) and Chiang et al (2009) reported that the gas turbine efficiency remains unchanged. For NO x emissions, on the one hand, it was indicated that NO x emission for biodiesel blends was lower than the emissions from diesel fuel as it reported in Nascimento and Santos (2011), Chiang et al (2009) and Nascimento et al (2008Nascimento et al ( , 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Krishna (2007) and Chiang et al (2009) reported that the gas turbine efficiency remains unchanged. For NO x emissions, on the one hand, it was indicated that NO x emission for biodiesel blends was lower than the emissions from diesel fuel as it reported in Nascimento and Santos (2011), Chiang et al (2009) and Nascimento et al (2008Nascimento et al ( , 2011. On the other hand, Rehman et al (2011) and Prussi et al (2012) concluded that NO x emissions for biodiesel blends and straight vegetable oil were higher than that obtained with diesel fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and environmental impact of a turbojet engine fueled by blends of biodiesels

Ali

Nour

2016

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Depletion of conventional fuels, concerns about environmental pollution and the tightening of exhaust emission legislations are the main reasons for increasing research on alternative fuels produced from agricultural feedstock. In this study, biodiesel fuels produced from cotton and corn vegetable oils are investigated as renewable fuels for a gas turbine engine for aviation. The biodiesel fuels are defined as cotton methyl ester (CTME) and corn methyl ester. The performance characteristics and exhaust emissions of the gas turbine engine are investigated when the engine fueled with three blends of 10%(B10), 20%(B20) and 50%(B50) of biodiesel/JetA-1 by volume. The biodiesel fuels were produced using transesterification process and characterized according to ASTM biodiesel specifications. Chemical and physical properties show a real potential of using biodiesel blends as an alternative for JetA-1. The measured engine performance parameters and exhaust emissions are compared with that of pure JetA-1 over a range of throttle setting. The gas turbine engine used in this study is equipped with pressure, flow, temperature, thrust and speed sensors that connected to data acquisition system and control unit in addition to exhaust gas analyzer. The experimental results show that biodiesel fuels can be used up to blend of 50% with JetA-1 in gas turbine engines with slight enhancement in engine performance and significant improvements in exhaust emissions. The engine static thrust is increased with 2% for B50 at lower and medium engine speeds and decreased with 11% at high engine speed compared to conventional JetA-1 fuel. The thrust-specific fuel consumption for biodiesel blends is lower than that for regular JetA-1 fuel. The gas turbine engine efficiency is increased for biodiesel blends by 14% compared to JetA-1, and this is reported for CTME B50. For oxygen concentration in exhaust gases emissions, the higher the biodiesel blend, the higher the O 2 concentration in the exhaust compared with JetA-1 fuel. The O 2 level increased by 6% for biodiesel blend of B50 compared to JetA-1 fuel. The emissions of CO and HC emissions decreased by 5 and 37%, respectively, compared with conventional JetA-1. Additionally, the biodiesel blends achieve a higher CO 2 and NO x emissions with 11 and 27%, respectively, compared to JetA-1. The sulfur dioxide SO 2 decreased by 75% compared to the regular JetA-1 fuel. Keywords Biodiesel Á Combustion Á Emission Á Gas turbine Á JetA-1 Á Methyl ester Á Turbojet engine Abbreviations A/F Air-to-fuel ratio ASTM American Standard for Testing and Materials Bio-SPK Bio-Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene BSFC Brake-specific fuel consumption (kW/kg h) Bxx Blend of xx% of biofuel CO Carbon monoxide CO 2 Carbon dioxide CRME Corn methyl ester Cst Centi stoke (mm 2 /s) CTME Cotton methyl ester CV Calorific value (kJ/kg) Editorial responsibility: J Aravind, M.Tech.

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Performance Assessment of Turbojet Engine Operated With Alternative Biodiesel

Nour

Ali

2013

Volume 1: Fuels and Combustion, Material Handling, Emissions; Steam Generators; Heat Exchangers and Cooling Systems; Turbines,

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This study investigated experimentally the performance of turbojet engine fueled by biodiesel obtained from different feedstocks. The engine is equipped with measuring sensors for pressure, temperature, thrust, shaft speed in addition to flow meter, data acquisition system and a control unit. The results of the effect of biodiesel fuel type and its blends on turbojet engine performance are presented. Three biodiesel fuels which are Cotton methyl ester (CTME), Corn methyl ester (CRME) and Sunflower methyl ester (SME) and their blends of B10, B20 and B50 (10%, 20% and 50% biodiesel/Jet A1 by volume) are used and compared with the engine recommended fuel (Jet A1). Moreover, in this study, the Biodiesel fuel is produced through transesterification process in which the triglyceride (oil) reacts with alcohol (methanol) to form the mono-alkyl ester (biodiesel) and glycerol. Physical and chemical properties of all produced and tested fuels are measured. The results clearly indicate that the produced biodiesel fuels have a higher density, kinematic viscosity, than JetA-1 fuel, while, the calorific value of biodiesel fuels is very close to JetA-1 fuel. Moreover, JetA-1 fuel has higher sulfur content than other biodiesel fuels. Also, the experimental results show that Engine speed for the cases of using biodiesel fuels is lower than JetA-1 fuel at the same fuel throttle valve opening. Moreover, the Biodiesel fuels have a lower fuel volume flow rate compared to JetA-1 at the same throttle valve opening that lead to decrease the engine static thrust as well as lower value of TSFC.

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Microturbine Performance Testing using Biodiesel

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Modeling of advanced fossil fuel power plants

Modeling of advanced fossil fuel power plants

Performance and environmental impact of a turbojet engine fueled by blends of biodiesels

Performance Assessment of Turbojet Engine Operated With Alternative Biodiesel

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