Microtubules

Olmsted, J.B.; Borisy, G G

doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.42.070173.002451

Cited by 651 publications

(218 citation statements)

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“…Although microtubules are an established cytoplasmic feature of almost all eukaryotic cells [23], detailed chemical studies of the subunit protein, tubulin, have been to date largely confined to material isolated from two sources, viz. mammalian brain tissue [ 10, 24,25], and sea urchin sperm [26-281.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of tubulin from pig platelets

Castle¹,

Crawford²

1975

FEBS Letters

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of tubulin from pig platelets

Castle¹,

Crawford²

1975

FEBS Letters

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“…Microtubules function in a variety of cellular processes including motility (cilia and flagella), maintainance of cell shape, orientation of cellular structures, outgrowth of axons and dendrites in cultured neurons (Burnside, 1975;Olmsted and Borisy, 1973;De Robertis et al, 1971). Microtubules have tensile properties which play an important role in the arthropod connective tissue (Burnside, 1975).…”

Section: Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microtubules also function in intracellular transport, including the movement of organelles, metabolites, and biosynthetic precursors to various areas of the cell (Burnside, 1975). An important neuronal function is the transfer of neurotransmitter precursors to synapses (De Robertis et al, 1971;Olmsted and Borisy, 1973;Rosenbaum et al, 1975).…”

Section: Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are insensitive to colchicine and low temperature, and only slightly sensitive to high temperature. Olmsted and Borisy (1973) recognize the four classes of Behnke and Forer, but suggest that degrees of stability are probably due to "slight modifications of subunits or the association of other materials with tubules, such as inter microtubular links..." Thus in the opinion of these later investigators there maybe no difference between the four classes of tubules.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Microtubules appear to be hollow cylinders 24 + 2 nm in diameter with an electron lucent center 15 nm in diameter (Olmsted and Borisy, 1973) and 5 nm thick walls. The wall is made up of eleven to thirteen protofilaments, which can be seen in cross section (Ambrose and Easty, 1970;Guttman, 1971;Erickson, 1975).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colchicine reversibly inhibits electrical activity in arthropod mechanoreceptors

Schafer

Reagan

1981

J. Neurobiol.

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Colchicine and some other microtubule‐active agents inhibit the electrical responses of cockroach tibial spine mechanoreceptors. Lumicolchicine, a colchicine analog which does not bind to microtubule protein, does not inhibit mechanoreceptive responses. Colchicine inhibition of peripheral mechanoreceptive responses is fully reversible and dose dependent, but colchicine has no effect on conduction in leg nerve axons. Colchicine inhibition is therefore an effect on the sensory dendrites or soma. The inhibition produced by colchicine could be produced by several effects. Colchicine may inhibit because it (1) disrupts the numerous intracellular microtubules which are a part of this sensory receptor's dendrite, (2) blocks axoplasmic transport of essential materials to the sensory dendrite, or (3) binds to tubulin or other proteins in the dendritic membrane.

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Microtubule disorientation and axonal swelling in unmyelinated sensory axons during vincristine-induced painful neuropathy in rat

1998

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Neuropathic pain accompanies peripheral nerve injury following a variety of insults including metabolic disorders, traumatic injury, and exposure to neurotoxins such as vincristine and taxol. Vincristine, a microtubule depolymerizing drug, produces a peripheral neuropathy in humans that is accompanied by painful paresthesias and dysesthesias (Sandler et al., [1969] Neurology 19:367-374; Holland et al. [1973] Cancer Res. 33:1258-1264). The recent development of an animal model of vincristine-induced neuropathy provides an opportunity to investigate mechanisms underlying this form of neuropathic pain. Systemic vincristine (100 microg/kg) produces hyperalgesia to mechanical stimuli during the second week of administration, which persists for more than a week (Aley et al. [1996] Neuroscience 73:259-265). To test the hypothesis that changes in microtubule structure in nociceptive sensory neurons accompany vincristine-induced hyperalgesia, we analyzed unmyelinated axons in saphenous nerves of vincristine-treated rats. This study constitutes the first quantitative ultrastructural analysis of the cytoskeleton of unmyelinated axons in peripheral nerve during neuropathic hyperalgesia. There was no evidence of unmyelinated fiber loss or a decrease in the number of microtubules per axons. There was, however, a significant decrease in microtubule density in unmyelinated axons from vincristine-treated rats. This decrease in microtubule density was due to a significant increase in the cross-sectional area of unmyelinated axons, suggesting swelling of axons. In addition, vincristine-treated axons had significantly fewer microtubules cut in cross-section and significantly more tangentially oriented microtubules per axon compared to controls. These results suggest that vincristine causes disorganization of the axonal microtubule cytoskeleton, as well as an increase in the caliber of unmyelinated sensory axons.

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Microtubules

Cited by 651 publications

References 0 publications

Isolation of tubulin from pig platelets

Isolation of tubulin from pig platelets

Colchicine reversibly inhibits electrical activity in arthropod mechanoreceptors

Microtubule disorientation and axonal swelling in unmyelinated sensory axons during vincristine-induced painful neuropathy in rat

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