Microtubule dynamics in healthy and injured neurons

Rolls, Melissa M.; Thyagarajan, Pankajam; Feng, Chengye

doi:10.1002/dneu.22746

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Neuronal MTs are arranged in a specific orientation [ 9 , 69 ]. In axons, MTs have an almost exclusive plus-end-out orientation, whereas in dendrites, MTs have an antiparallel organization with equal proportions of plus-end and minus-end towards the soma [ 70 ].…”

Section: Mt Organization In Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proper MT function as well as proper functioning of their assortment of interacting and regulatory proteins and regulatory pathways is particularly important in neurons. Abnormalities of the MT system in axons and dendrites, i.e., MT depolymerization, loss, or dysfunction or disorganized MT arrays, are a common insult during the pathogenesis of nerve traumatic disorders [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microtubule Organization Is Essential for Maintaining Cellular Morphology and Function

Huang

Peng

Tao

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Microtubules (MTs) are highly dynamic polymers essential for a wide range of cellular physiologies, such as acting as directional railways for intracellular transport and position, guiding chromosome segregation during cell division, and controlling cell polarity and morphogenesis. Evidence has established that maintaining microtubule (MT) stability in neurons is vital for fundamental cellular and developmental processes, such as neurodevelopment, degeneration, and regeneration. To fulfill these diverse functions, the nervous system employs an arsenal of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) to control MT organization and function. Subsequent studies have identified that the disruption of MT function in neurons is one of the most prevalent and important pathological features of traumatic nerve damage and neurodegenerative diseases and that this disruption manifests as a reduction in MT polymerization and concomitant deregulation of the MT cytoskeleton, as well as downregulation of microtubule-associated protein (MAP) expression. A variety of MT-targeting agents that reverse this pathological condition, which is regarded as a therapeutic opportunity to intervene the onset and development of these nervous system abnormalities, is currently under development. Here, we provide an overview of the MT-intrinsic organization process and how MAPs interact with the MT cytoskeleton to promote MT polymerization, stabilization, and bundling. We also highlight recent advances in MT-targeting therapeutic agents applied to various neurological disorders. Together, these findings increase our current understanding of the function and regulation of MT organization in nerve growth and regeneration.

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Section: Mt Organization In Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microtubule Organization Is Essential for Maintaining Cellular Morphology and Function

Huang

Peng

Tao

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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show abstract

“…Besides structural maintenance, microtubules are also involved in axonal transport of secretory vesicles and organelles, migration, proliferation, neuronal growth, and differentiation [ 204 ]. Consequently, MeHg exposure may disrupt neuronal viability via several microtubules-involved changes.…”

Section: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Involved In Mehg Neurotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Mediating Methylmercury Neurotoxicity and Neuroinflammation

Novo

Martins

Raposo

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity is a major environmental concern. In the aquatic reservoir, MeHg bioaccumulates along the food chain until it is consumed by riverine populations. There has been much interest in the neurotoxicity of MeHg due to recent environmental disasters. Studies have also addressed the implications of long-term MeHg exposure for humans. The central nervous system is particularly susceptible to the deleterious effects of MeHg, as evidenced by clinical symptoms and histopathological changes in poisoned humans. In vitro and in vivo studies have been crucial in deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying MeHg-induced neurotoxicity. A collection of cellular and molecular alterations including cytokine release, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, Ca2+ and glutamate dyshomeostasis, and cell death mechanisms are important consequences of brain cells exposure to MeHg. The purpose of this review is to organize an overview of the mercury cycle and MeHg poisoning events and to summarize data from cellular, animal, and human studies focusing on MeHg effects in neurons and glial cells. This review proposes an up-to-date compendium that will serve as a starting point for further studies and a consultation reference of published studies.

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“…Microtubule (MT) organization is important for both the degeneration and regeneration of dendritic trees (Rolls et al, 2020 ). In developmental dendrite degeneration in Drosophila C4da neurons, MT breakdown is the earliest detectable event in dendrite pruning (Williams and Truman, 2005 ; Kanamori et al, 2015a ; Herzmann et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Spatial Control Of Dendrite Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scrap and Build for Functional Neural Circuits: Spatiotemporal Regulation of Dendrite Degeneration and Regeneration in Neural Development and Disease

Furusawa

Emoto

2021

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Dendrites are cellular structures essential for the integration of neuronal information. These elegant but complex structures are highly patterned across the nervous system but vary tremendously in their size and fine architecture, each designed to best serve specific computations within their networks. Recent in vivo imaging studies reveal that the development of mature dendrite arbors in many cases involves extensive remodeling achieved through a precisely orchestrated interplay of growth, degeneration, and regeneration of dendritic branches. Both degeneration and regeneration of dendritic branches involve precise spatiotemporal regulation for the proper wiring of functional networks. In particular, dendrite degeneration must be targeted in a compartmentalized manner to avoid neuronal death. Dysregulation of these developmental processes, in particular dendrite degeneration, is associated with certain types of pathology, injury, and aging. In this article, we review recent progress in our understanding of dendrite degeneration and regeneration, focusing on molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying spatiotemporal control of dendrite remodeling in neural development. We further discuss how developmental dendrite degeneration and regeneration are molecularly and functionally related to dendrite remodeling in pathology, disease, and aging.

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Microtubule dynamics in healthy and injured neurons

Cited by 24 publications

References 113 publications

Microtubule Organization Is Essential for Maintaining Cellular Morphology and Function

Microtubule Organization Is Essential for Maintaining Cellular Morphology and Function

Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Mediating Methylmercury Neurotoxicity and Neuroinflammation

Scrap and Build for Functional Neural Circuits: Spatiotemporal Regulation of Dendrite Degeneration and Regeneration in Neural Development and Disease

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