Microsurgical resection of gliomas of the cingulate gyrus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Cingulate gyrus gliomas are rare among adult, hemispheric diffuse gliomas. Surgical reports are scarce. We performed a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis, with the aim of focusing on the extent of resection (EOR), WHO grade, and morbidity and mortality, after microsurgical resection of gliomas of the cingulate gyrus. Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we reviewed articles published between January 1996 and December 2022 and referenced in PubMed or Embase. Inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed clinical studies of microsurgical series reporting resection of gliomas of the cingulate gyrus. Primary outcome was EOR, classified as gross total (GTR) versus subtotal (STR) resection. Five studies reporting 295 patients were included. Overall GTR was 79.4% (range 64.1–94.7; I2= 88.13; p heterogeneity and p < 0.001), while STR was done in 20.6% (range 5.3–35.9; I2= 88.13; p heterogeneity < 0.001 and p= 0.008). The most common WHO grade was II, with an overall rate of 42.7% (24–61.5; I2= 90.9; p heterogeneity, p< 0.001). Postoperative SMA syndrome was seen in 18.6% of patients (10.4–26.8; I2= 70.8; p heterogeneity= 0.008, p< 0.001), postoperative motor deficit in 11% (3.9–18; I2= 18; p heterogeneity= 0.003, p= 0.002). This review found that while a GTR was achieved in a high number of patients with a cingulate glioma, nearly half of such patients have a postoperative deficit. This finding calls for a cautious approach in recommending and doing surgery for patients with cingulate gliomas and for consideration of new surgical and management approaches.

Complement and coagulation cascades are associated with prognosis and the immune microenvironment of lower-grade glioma

“…Complete surgical resection is the currently main treatment for LGG, when feasible ( 9 ). Nevertheless, the characteristics of invasive growth and involving eloquent regions of LGG make it difficult to be complete surgical resected in some LGG patients ( 13 , 14 ). Due to the heterogeneity of LGG and the presence of the brain-blood barrier, treatments such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy are not satisfactory ( 15 , 16 ).…”