Microsurgical anatomy of the hippocampal arteries

Abstract

An anatomical study of the vascularization of the hippocampus was performed on 30 hemispheres. There were a total of 140 arteries supplying the hippocampi, for an average of 4.7 arteries per hemisphere (range three to seven arteries). Based on the origin and caliber of the arteries supplying the hippocampus, the hemispheres were divided into five groups: A) in 57% of the hemispheres studied, the origin was mixed and included the anterior choroidal artery (AChA), the main trunk of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA), and the inferior temporal, lateral posterior choroidal, and splenial branches of the PCA; B) in 27%, all of the inferior temporal branches of the PCA predominantly supplied the hippocampus; C) in 10%, the anterior inferior temporal branch of the PCA was the predominant supplier: D) in 3%, the hippocampus was predominantly supplied by arteries originating from the main trunk of the PCA (Uchimura artery); and E) in 3%, the AChA gave origin to the hippocampal vessel. It was found as a result of this study that the PCA directly and by its branches contributes much more to the blood supply of the hippocampal formation than the AChA. The uncal sulcus was found to be an important anastomotic site between the hippocampal branches of the AChA and the hippocampal branches of the PCA. In 26.6% of hemispheres, one of the hippocampal arteries arose from the lateral posterior choroidal artery. The splenial artery made a loop close to the extraventricular part of the hippocampal tail and gave off multiple vessels to this structure in 36.6% of hemispheres. The finding that the AChA passes through the choroid fissure as a trunk and its later division into the lateral plexal and medial perforating branches within the choroid plexus may be of surgical significance.

Optimal Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Protocol for Lesion Detection in Transient Global Amnesia

“…The hippocampus is supplied by multiple hippocampal arteries, which are distal branches of the posterior cerebral artery. 23 However, the findings that lesions developed exclusively in the hippocampus and that no lesions were found in other territories of the posterior cerebral artery do not support this embolic theory, though 1 lesion was found in the temporal lobe outside the hippocampus in the present study. Further discussion concerning the pathogenetic mechanism of TGA is beyond the scope of this study.…”

Regional differences in the morphological and functional effects of aging on cerebral basement membranes and perivascular drainage of amyloid‐β from the mouse brain

“…4). The posterior cerebral artery also gives off the longitudinal hippocampal artery, which follows the length of the hippocampus and gives rise to the transverse hippocampal arteries (Erdem et al, 1993;Dorr et al, 2007) (Supporting Fig. 4).…”

Microsurgical anatomy of the cisternal anterior choroidal artery with special emphasis on the preoptic and postoptic subdivisions

“…8,35 We found a duplication of the AChA in 2 (7%) of 30 hemispheres and the duplicated trunk terminated at the uncus in 1 of these cases, thus the artery was considered an uncal artery 48 rather than a true duplication. Therefore, the rate of true duplication of the AChA in our series was 3.3%.…”

“…24 Perforators supplying critical areas arise mostly from the cisternal segment, where the artery and its branches are intimately related to the optic tract. Although the areas of supply and the perforators arising from the AChA have been reported in the literature, 2,8,9,17,24,28,36,42 only a few studies specifically detailed the relationship between the course of the cisternal segment in relation to the optic tract and characteristics of perforating arteries. 24,35 To meet this need, we have extended previous microanatomical studies of the cisternal segment of the AChA.…”