Microsurgical anatomy of the brain stem

Brainstem cavernous malformations: anatomical, clinical, and surgical considerations

“…This sulcus is considered the posterior limit of the ventrolateral mesencephalon, 49 separating the cerebral peduncle surface from the tegmentum surface. 35 The depression between the cerebral peduncles and the root of CN III, containing the posterior perforated substance, is the interpeduncular fossa.…”

“…The peduncular vein drains into the basal vein of Rosenthal together with the lateral mesencephalic vein after curving around the cerebral peduncle below the optic tract. 35 The anterior pontomesencephalic vein, running on the ventral midline surface of the pons as a single trunk, is usually a paired vein in its mesencephalic course. The vein of the pontomesencephalic sulcus runs on the homonymous sulcus.…”

“…During its course in the basilar sulcus, the BA sends several perforating branches to the ventral pons. 35 On the ventral surface of the pons, the pontine portion of the median anterior pontomesencephalic vein anastomoses with a transverse pontine vein before continuing on the medulla as the median anterior medullary vein. The vein of the pontomedullary sulcus courses along the pontomedullary sulcus.…”

“…The vein of the pontomedullary sulcus courses along the pontomedullary sulcus. 35 Surgical Approaches to the Ventral and Ventrolateral Pons. Truly ventral pontine lesions pose a significant surgical challenge and usually require invasive skull base approaches.…”

“…The rhomboid fossa is divided into a larger upper triangle (pontine) and a smaller inferior triangle (medullary) by a line connecting the 2 foramina of Luschka. 35 The junctional part with the striae medullares lies between the 2 triangles. The intraventricular portion of the cerebellar peduncles forms the lateral boundaries of the upper triangle with the apex of the upper triangle located at the sylvian aqueduct.…”