Microstructures and mechanical behavior of Inconel 625 fabricated by solid-state additive manufacturing

Rivera, O.G.; Allison, P. G.; Jordon, J.B.; Rodriguez, Omar; Brewer, Luke N.; McClelland, Z.; Whittington, W.R.; Francis, Danny; Su, Jianping; Martens, R. L.; Hardwick, Nanci

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2017.03.105

Cited by 172 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Rombouts et al [ 24 ] found that Inconel 625 deposited using directed energy deposition (DED) also showed a microstructure of dendrites parallel to the build direction. Rivera et al [ 25 ] observed fine grain structures at the layer interfaces of Inconel 625 produced using solid-state additive manufacturing. Compared to samples fabricated using LAM, not only the microstructures of the repaired part, but also the microstructures of the interface between the substrate and the repaired part, are essential to the mechanical properties of the component repaired using LAR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interface Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Laser Additive Repaired Inconel 625 Alloy

Wei¹,

Le²,

Xu³

et al. 2020

Materials

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The microstructure and micro-mechanics around the repaired interface, and the tensile properties of laser additive repaired (LARed) Inconel 625 alloy were investigated. The results showed that the microstructure around the repaired interface was divided into three zones: the substrate zone (SZ), the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and the repaired zone (RZ). The microstructure of the SZ had a typical equiaxed crystal structure, displaying simultaneously precipitated block-shaped MC-type carbides (NbC, TiC), with bimodal sizes of approximately 10 μm and 0.5 μm and an irregularly shaped flocculent Laves phase. Recrystallization occurred in the HAZ, and led to significant grain growth; a portion of the second phase dissolved in the original grain boundaries. In the RZ, there was a columnar crystal structure, and the size increased with increasing deposition thickness. Moreover, the microstructure between the layer interface and layer interior was quite different, presenting an overlapping transition zone (OTZ), in which the dendritic structure coarsened and more Laves phase were precipitated, compared to in the layer interior. The hardness and tensile properties of the LARed samples were equivalent to those of the wrought substrate, which indicates that laser additive repairing (LAR) is a reliable repair solution for damaged and mis-machined components comprising Inconel 625 alloy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interface Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Laser Additive Repaired Inconel 625 Alloy

Wei¹,

Le²,

Xu³

et al. 2020

Materials

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“…In order to repair various types of volume damages in AA 7075-including keyholes, long grooves, large-scale corrosion or wear damages-it is vital to develop a versatile solid-state technique that can continuously supply filler material, while also allowing for digital control of the material addition and repair paths. Such a technique remained elusive until the recent emergence of a solid-state metal additive manufacturing technique-additive friction stir deposition [24][25][26]. Additive friction stir deposition integrates the friction stir principle with a robust material feeding mechanism to enable site-specific deposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Friction Stir-Enabled Solid-State Additive Manufacturing for the Repair of 7075 Aluminum Alloy

et al. 2019

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The repair of high strength, high performance 7075 aluminum alloy is essential for a broad range of aerospace and defense applications. However, it is challenging to implement it using traditional fusion welding-based approaches, owing to hot cracking and void formation during solidification. Here, the use of an emerging solid-state additive manufacturing technology, additive friction stir deposition, is explored for the repair of volume damages such as through -holes and grooves in 7075 aluminum alloy. Three repair experiments have been conducted: double through-hole filling, single through-hole filling, and long, wide-groove filling. In all experiments, additive friction stir deposition proves to be effective at filling the entire volume. Additionally, sufficient mixing between the deposited material and the side wall of the feature is always observed in the upper portions of the repair. Poor mixing and inadequate repair quality have been observed in deeper portions of the filling in some scenarios. Based on these observations, the advantages and disadvantages of using additive friction stir deposition for repairing volume damages are discussed. High quality and highly flexible repairs are expected with systematic optimization work on process control and repair strategy development in the future.

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“…In particular, the printed parts using AFSD have shown isotropic mechanical properties due to The AFSD involves a hollow rotating shoulder, through which the feed material is delivered in the form of either a solid rod or powder [119]. The rapid rotation of the hollow shoulder generates heat through dynamic contact friction at the shoulder/material and material/substrate interfaces [120]. The heated and softened material bonds with the substrate through plastic deformation at the interface.…”

Section: Additive Friction Stir Deposition (Afsd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beamless Metal Additive Manufacturing

2020

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The propensity to manufacture functional and geometrically sophisticated parts from a wide range of metals provides the metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes superior advantages over traditional methods. The field of metal AM is currently dominated by beam-based technologies such as selective laser sintering (SLM) or electron beam melting (EBM) which have some limitations such as high production cost, residual stress and anisotropic mechanical properties induced by melting of metal powders followed by rapid solidification. So, there exist a significant gap between industrial production requirements and the qualities offered by well-established beam-based AM technologies. Therefore, beamless metal AM techniques (known as non-beam metal AM) have gained increasing attention in recent years as they have been found to be able to fill the gap and bring new possibilities. There exist a number of beamless processes with distinctively various characteristics that are either under development or already available on the market. Since this is a very promising field and there is currently no high-quality review on this topic yet, this paper aims to review the key beamless processes and their latest developments.

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Microstructures and mechanical behavior of Inconel 625 fabricated by solid-state additive manufacturing

Cited by 172 publications

References 18 publications

The Interface Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Laser Additive Repaired Inconel 625 Alloy

The Interface Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Laser Additive Repaired Inconel 625 Alloy

Additive Friction Stir-Enabled Solid-State Additive Manufacturing for the Repair of 7075 Aluminum Alloy

Beamless Metal Additive Manufacturing

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