Microstructure of Croatian Wild Grapevine (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris Gmel Hegi) Pollen Grains Revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Lukšić, Katarina; Zdunić, Goran; Mucalo, Ana; Marinov, Luka; Ranković‐Vasić, Zorica; Ivanović, Jelena; Nikolić, D.

doi:10.3390/plants11111479

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The equatorial elongated endoapertures may be a strategy help to preserve the structural integrity of the pollen wall and, therefore, the viability of the pollen grain [44]. Endoapertures have been found to be positively correlated with pollen germination rate in studies [46]. The pollen of G. sinensis germinated rapidly after 1 h in culture, consistent with this.…”

Section: Pollen Morphological Characteristics Of G Sinensissupporting

confidence: 60%

Studies on Pollen Morphology, Pollen Vitality and Preservation Methods of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (Fabaceae)

Wang

et al. 2023

Forests

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Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (Fabaceae) is an endemic species in China, which has a wide range of ecological functions and high economic value. G. sinensis belongs to androdioecy, and the stamens of perfect flowers are aborted, meaning that a perfect flower is a functional female flower. Understanding the dynamic process of flowering and the characteristics of pollen morphology effectively determine the viability of pollen vitality, and the suitable conditions for short-term storage of pollen can provide theoretical basis and technical reference for hybrid breeding and germplasm conservation of G. sinensis. In this study, the male plants of G. sinensis in Guiyang area were used as research materials. The flowering dynamic process of male flowers was recorded through field observation. The morphology of pollen was observed and analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The germination characteristics of pollen were studied with an in vitro germination method, and the pollen vitality was also determined using four staining methods. The effects of different storage temperatures and water contents on pollen germination rate were discussed. The results showed that the male flowers of G. sinensis had a short, single flowering period, lasting 2–3 days from the opening to the shedding. The dynamic opening process of a single flower was artificially divided into five stages. Pollen grains of G. sinensis are oblate spheroidal, tricolporate with equatorial elongated endoapertures and the sporoderm surface is reticulate. The MTT (Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide) staining method could accurately and quickly determine the pollen vitality of G. sinensis. The highest pollen germination rate was 65.89% ± 3.41%, and the length of the pollen tube was 3.96 mm after cultured in 15% sucrose + 100 mg/L boric acid + 20 mg/L calcium chloride for 24 h. It was necessary to collect the pollen at the big bud stage, which was conducive to improving the efficiency of pollen collection because the pollen had been mature with high pollen vitality at this stage. When it came to pollen preservation, the pollen germination rate was significantly affected by storage time, storage temperature and pollen water content. The pollen still had high vitality after being stored at −80 °C for 30 days when the moisture content of the pollen decreased to 9%, and the pollen germination rate only decreased by 28.84% compared with that before storage. In conclusion, this study has comprehensively and systematically studied the morphology, vitality determination and preservation methods of the pollen of G. sinensis, providing a theoretical basis for the cross regional breeding and the conservation and utilization of germplasm resources.

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Section: Pollen Morphological Characteristics Of G Sinensissupporting

confidence: 60%

Studies on Pollen Morphology, Pollen Vitality and Preservation Methods of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (Fabaceae)

Wang

et al. 2023

Forests

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“…Additionally, the pollen grains found on the anthers in the female flowers appeared collapsed or exhausted, while being potent in the male flowers, further supporting dioecy. The morphology of the grapevine pollen grains was consistent with previous findings in studies comparing sterile and fertile pollen grains in Sylvestris [42,43].…”

Section: Morphologysupporting

confidence: 89%

Wild Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (C.C. Gmelin) Hegi)—Novel Species to the Israeli Flora

Rahimi,

Berger,

Shtein

et al. 2023

Horticulturae

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The wild grapevine, Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris, grows naturally throughout the northern hemisphere, including the Mediterranean region. Wild grapevines have also been observed sporadically across the southern Levant and are considered a non-native feral plant. Nevertheless, no formal characterization has been conducted for wild grapevines in this region; thus, its taxonomical assignment remains elusive. Previously, we have shown that the wild grapevine populations growing in northern Israel are genetically separated from the feral domesticated forms. This work aimed to comprehensively describe the morphological, anatomical, and ecological traits of wild grapevines naturally thriving in two distinct habitats in Israel. The dioicous nature of the wild grapevine, the flower and pollen morphology, and the characteristic Sylvestris fruit and seed morphology, in addition to the occurrence of the natural germination of seeds in close vicinity of the mother plant, have all led to the conclusion that these plants belong to Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris and should be included in the Flora Palaestina. These findings, combined with the recently published genetic evidence for these populations, significantly advance our understanding of the species’ ecology and the importance of its preservation.

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“…This pertains specifically to aspects such as pollen wall structure, the configuration, and presence of pollen pores and germination apertures, and distinctive morphological attributes encompassing pollen type, exine ornamentation, polar axis ( P ), equatorial diameter ( E ), and the polar to equatorial diameter ( P / E ratio). Lukšić et al (2022) considerations emphasize the intricate nature of taxonomic identification within the context of angiosperms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the intricate microcosm: Advancing invasive species pollen analysis through scanning microscopy of ultra sculpture

Al‐Qahtani

2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Micromorphological visualization of plant surface peculiarities provides valuable characters for the precise identification of plant species. Invasive alien species, introduced outside their native range, pose significant ecological, and health challenges. This study focuses on micromorphological investigations of selected invasive plant species belonging to the families Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Moraceae, Crassulaceae, Cannabaceae, Fabaceae, Commelinaceae, and Oxalidaceae. The study employs scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to analyze the species micromorphology of pollen structure in depth to characterize the sculpturing patterns. Additionally, the study examines the pollen characteristics of these invasive plants, including shape, size, and fertility, along with exine sculpturing. The maximum polar diameter was observed for Senna tora (41.2 μm). The spines in Achillea fragrantissima were measured to have dimensions of approximately 1.91 μm in length and 2.11 μm in width. The findings shed light on the allergy‐causing potential of these invasive species, providing crucial information for accurate identification and effective management strategies to safeguard the indigenous flora of the region. The study contributes to the knowledge base for botanists, taxonomists, policy makers, climate experts, and biodiversity specialists.Research Highlights Integrating SEM to analyze the pollen of invasive species. Unveiling pollen micromorphology of invasive species. Exploring the microscopic realm of invasive pollen to accurately identify the species.

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Microstructure of Croatian Wild Grapevine (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris Gmel Hegi) Pollen Grains Revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Studies on Pollen Morphology, Pollen Vitality and Preservation Methods of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (Fabaceae)

Studies on Pollen Morphology, Pollen Vitality and Preservation Methods of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (Fabaceae)

Wild Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (C.C. Gmelin) Hegi)—Novel Species to the Israeli Flora

Revealing the intricate microcosm: Advancing invasive species pollen analysis through scanning microscopy of ultra sculpture

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