Microstructure of Copoly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) Produced in the Anaerobic-Aerobic Activated Sludge Process

Inoue, Yoshio; Sano, Fumihiko; Nakamura, Kazuhiro; Yoshie, Naoko; Saito, Yuji; Satoh, Hiroyasu; Mino, Takashi; Matsuo, Tetsuji; Doi, Yoshiharu

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0126(199603)39:3<183::aid-pi473>3.0.co;2-x

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Inoue et al [314] used an enriched mixed culture sludge (prepared using a continuous anaerobic/aerobic culture process) to accumulate PHA using propionate as the sole carbon source. Inoue et al [314] used an enriched mixed culture sludge (prepared using a continuous anaerobic/aerobic culture process) to accumulate PHA using propionate as the sole carbon source.…”

Section: Solvent Fractionation Of P(3hb-co-3hv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is likely that other PHA production systems experience a similar dynamic in VFA feeding [54], leading also to similar types of block or blend type polymers. By contrast, Inoue et al [314] examined the microstructure of the PHAs produced using EBPR sludge with propionate feed as the carbon source using 13 C NMR. It is believed that the P(3HB) generated during the aerobic period formed as separate P(3HB) homopolymer "blocks", which led to a high melting temperature.…”

Section: Properties Of Mixed Culture Phamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The chemomechanical properties of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates

Laycock

Halley

Pratt

et al. 2014

Progress in Polymer Science

214

204

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Available online xxx Keywords: Biopolymer Polyhydroxyalkanoates Microbial polyesters Poly((R)-3-hydroxybutyrate) Poly((R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3hydroxyvalerate) Mechanical properties a b s t r a c tMicrobially produced polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are fully biodegradable biopolyesters that have attracted much attention recently as alternative polymeric materials that can be produced from biorenewable and biowaste resources. The properties of these biological polymers are affected by the same fundamental principles as those of fossil-fuel derived polyolefins, with a broad range of compositions available based on the incorporation of different monomers into the PHA polymer structure, and with this broad range tailoring subsequent properties. This review comprehensively covers current understanding with respect to PHA biosynthesis and crystallinity, and the effect of composition, microstructure and supramacromolecular structures on chemomechanical properties. While polymer composition and microstructure are shown to affect these properties, the review also finds that a key driver for determining polymer performance properties is compositional distribution. From this review it follows that PHA-PHA blend compositions are industrially important, and the performance properties of such blends are discussed. A particular need is identified for further research into the effect of chemical compositional distribution on macromolecular structure and end-use properties, advanced modeling of the PHA accumulation process and chain growth kinetics for better process control.

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Section: Solvent Fractionation Of P(3hb-co-3hv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Properties Of Mixed Culture Phamentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemomechanical properties of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates

Laycock

Halley

Pratt

et al. 2014

Progress in Polymer Science

214

204

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“…Ky et al (2000) proposed an internal stoichiometric relationship between magnesium and phosphorus of 0.2 mol Mg/mol P in their model. Inoue et al (1996) indicated that PHA granules in EBPR processes are composed of random co-polymers with different monomer compositions. The physical properties of these polyesters vary considerably and many PHAs have plastic-like consistencies.…”

Section: Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal

Baetens¹

2020

Biological Wastewater Treatment: Principles, Modeling and Design

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PolyHydroxyAlkanoates (PHA) and Poly-β-HydroxyButyrate (PHB) in particular has become a compound which is routinely investigated in wastewater research. The PHB analysis method is only recently applied to activated sludge samples where PHA contents might be relatively low. This urges the need to investigate the reproducibility of the gas chromatographic method for PHB analysis. This was evaluated in a Round-Robin test in 5 European laboratories with samples from lab-scale and full-scale enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems. The basic method was direct solvent extraction of lyophilised cells, depolymerisation (hydrolysis) of the polymer and alkylation of the alkanoates. All steps take place in one tube with the necessary incubation time generally being 2 hours. The concentration of the (propyl)ester is then analysed by gas chromatography. Each lab used slightly modified methods. It was observed that the use of an internal standard improved the reproducibility of the method, that using dichloro(m)ethane as solvent instead of chloroform improves the GC analysis and that shaking the reaction tubes during heating improves the esterification reaction. It was shown that the standard deviation of measurements in each lab and the reproducibility between the labs was very good. Experimental results obtained by different laboratories using this analysis method can be compared. Sludge samples with PHB contents varying between 0.3 and 22.5 mg PHB/mg sludge were analysed. The gas chromatographic method allows for PHV, PH2MB and PH2MV analysis as well. The gas chromatographic analysis of PHA is important for kinetic modelling of EBPR processes. Moreover, with the publication of the Activated Sludge Model No3 and the general acceptance that storage polymers are of prime importance for non polyphosphate accumulating organisms as well, analysis of internal storage components becomes a prerequisite for modelling the activated sludge processes.

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“…Satoh et al (1992) found two new monomeric units of PHA in activated sludge, namely, 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyrate (3H2MB) and 3-hydroxy-2-methylvalerate (3H2MV). Inoue et al (1996) reported the microstructures of PHAs composed of 3HB, 3HV, 3H2MB, and 3H2MV units by 13 C NMR spectrometry. While ordinary monomeric units of PHA contain only one side chain in each monomeric unit at the b-carbon (Steinbüchel and Valentin, 1995), a 3H2MV unit has two branches at the aand bcarbons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase gene in activated sludge that produces PHA containing 3‐hydroxy‐2‐methylvalerate

Michinaka

Arou

Onuki

et al. 2006

Biotech & Bioengineering

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The identification of phaC which encodes PHA synthase, that is involved in the formation of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) containing 3-hydroxy-2-methylvalerate (3H2MV), was attempted. As of now, PHA containing 3H2MV has been reported to be produced only by mixed microbial cultures in activated sludge, but no pure bacterial cultures. A laboratory-scale activated sludge process was operated for 67 days. During the operation of the activated sludge process, its capacity to produce PHA containing 3H2MV, and the diversity of the partial phaC genes in the activated sludge microorganisms were monitored periodically. Analysis of the partial phaC genes was conducted by PCR followed by cloning and DNA sequencing, or by PCR followed by terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). The cloning-sequencing of the 263 clones gave 11 distinct genetic groups (GGs). All of the genetic groups had similarities to known phaC higher than 48%, and one of them had similarity as high as 96% to that of Alcaligenes sp. The behavior of each of the genetic groups during the operation of the activated sludge process was monitored by the T-RFLP method. The restriction enzyme AccII, with the help of MboI, enabled the monitoring of each of the genetic groups. One of the genetic groups was found to have a strong correlation with the capability of the activated sludge to produce PHA containing 3H2MV, and its DNA sequence together with its amino acid sequence are reported.

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Microstructure of Copoly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) Produced in the Anaerobic-Aerobic Activated Sludge Process

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

The chemomechanical properties of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates

The chemomechanical properties of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal

Analysis of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase gene in activated sludge that produces PHA containing 3‐hydroxy‐2‐methylvalerate

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