Microstructure, morphology, wettability and mechanical properties of Ho2O3 films prepared by glancing angle deposition

Preparation of C/Ho co-doped TiO2 for enhancing the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of tetracycline hydrochloride

“…18,45 Fig. 3(e) shows the Ho 4d XPS spectrum containing a low-intensity peak at 159.4 eV, consistent with Ho-Ho bonds, and a peak at a binding energy 161.8 eV, consistent with Ho-O bonds, 31,40,46 indicating that Ho was doped into the lattice by replacing Ti.…”

“…3(c)), the peak at 530.79 eV corresponds to Ho-O-Ti, 37 and that at 530.04 eV corresponds to the Ti-O bond of TiO 2 . 37,38 Furthermore, the peaks at 531.64, 532.48, and 533.48 eV correspond to CQO, 39 C-O, 40 and O-CQO, 39 respectively. Fig.…”

“…3(d) shows the C1s XPS spectrum. The peaks at 284.8, 286.1 287.16, and 288.9 eV correspond to C-C, [41][42][43] C-O, [40][41][42] CQO, 38,42 and O-CQO, 40,44 respectively, indicating the surface doping with C-O or CQO, which is conducive to electron transfer and the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. 18,45 Fig.…”