Microstructure, mechanical properties, friction and wear performance, and cytotoxicity of additively manufactured zirconia-toughened alumina for dental applications

Fabrication of ZTA crowns with simultaneously improved isotropy on mechanical property and surface quality by DLP

“…38,39 All results indicated that DLP technology could provide a potential approach for fabrication of ZTA all-porcelain crowns, which can meet requirements of clinical dental restorations (ISO 6873:2015). [15][16][17] However, flexural strength for Z20 all-porcelain crowns was lower than that of ZTA-porcelain crowns fabricated using isostatical pressing, resulting from the layer-bylayer forming process and multilayer microstructure. [40][41][42] By regulating content of YSZ powders, the homogeneous microstructure could be achieved and anisotropy on mechanical properties could be efficiently weakened.…”

“…Compared to other ZTA all-porcelain crowns fabricated using DLP, higher mechanical performance and surface quality were achieved in this study. 16,17,37 Compared to conventional computer-aided manufacturing methods, the overall precision was slightly lower for the sintered Z20 allporcelain crowns, which can still meet the requirements for dental restorations. 17 When compared to dry pressing and gel casting, higher flexural strength can be achieved for Z20 all-porcelain crowns.…”

“…16,17,37 Compared to conventional computer-aided manufacturing methods, the overall precision was slightly lower for the sintered Z20 allporcelain crowns, which can still meet the requirements for dental restorations. 17 When compared to dry pressing and gel casting, higher flexural strength can be achieved for Z20 all-porcelain crowns. 38,39 All results indicated that DLP technology could provide a potential approach for fabrication of ZTA all-porcelain crowns, which can meet requirements of clinical dental restorations (ISO 6873:2015).…”

“…During practical dental applying process, due to the layer-by-layer forming char-acteristics, quality of side surfaces of ceramic all-porcelain crowns should usually be paid more attentions. 17 To further elucidate effect of contents of YSZ powders in the ceramic suspensions on variations of roughness values on side surfaces for the resultant 3D-printed sintered ZTA composites, the characteristics of roughness on side surfaces were further analyzed. Figures 9E-J and S4 show 2D images of surface roughness and line roughness R a values versus line scanning distances along the OX and OY directions of side surfaces for sintered ZTA composites.…”

“…[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Therefore, the use of DLP technology for fabricating ZTA composite ceramic objects has emerged as a promising approach for dental restoration and repairation applications in recent decades, and it can be used to fabricate ZTA all-porcelain crowns that meet dental standards (ISO 6873:2015). [15][16][17] However, the layer-bylayer forming characteristics of DLP can cause anisotropy on ZTA all-porcelain crowns, which has become a bottleneck hindering their clinical applications. [18][19][20] Generally, mechanical anisotropy is the crucial issue needed to be considered during the fabrication of ceramic components by DLP.…”