Microstructure evolution of WC/steel composite by laser surface re-melting

Xian-qing, You; Zhang, Chengjun; Song, Xiaomu; Man-ping, Huang; Ma, Jin

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.09.061

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…laser polishing, laser hardening and laser surface melting, applied to bulk materials produced by conventional manufacturing processes. Laser surface modification can be applied to reduce surface roughness (Wissenbach et al, 2006;Henari and Blau, 1995;Nicolas et al, 1997;Triantafyllidis et al, 2005;Lamikiz et al, 2007;Ramos-Grez and Bourell, 2004), or to improve other surface material properties such as surface microhardness (Kac and Kusinski, 2004;Xianqing et al, 2007;Pinto et al, 2003), friction and wear behavior (Zhang et al, 2008;Felgueroso et al, 2008), corrosion resistance (Tang et al, 2004;Xu et al, 2006;Guozhi et al, 2007), wettability (Hao and Lawrence, 2006;Lawrence and Li, 2001;Triantafyllidis et al, 2005;Roemer et al, 2009) and sub-surface microstructural properties (Grabowski et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The investigation of the influence of laser re‐melting on density, surface quality and microstructure of selective laser melting parts

Yasa

Deckers

Kruth

2011

Rapid Prototyping Journal

316

115

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Purpose -Selective laser melting (SLM) is a powder metallurgical (PM) additive manufacturing process whereby a three-dimensional part is built in a layer-wise manner. During the process, a high intensity laser beam selectively scans a powder bed according to the computer-aided design data of the part to be produced and the powder metal particles are completely molten. The process is capable of producing near full density (,98-99 per cent relative density) and functional metallic parts with a high geometrical freedom. However, insufficient surface quality of produced parts is one of the important limitations of the process. The purpose of this study is to apply laser re-melting using a continuous wave laser during SLM production of 316L stainless steel and Ti6Al4V parts to overcome this limitation. Design/methodology/approach -After each layer is fully molten, the same slice data are used to re-expose the layer for laser re-melting. In this manner, laser re-melting does not only improve the surface quality on the top surfaces, but also has the potential to change the microstructure and to improve the obtained density. The influence of laser re-melting on the surface quality, density and microstructure is studied varying the operating parameters for re-melting such as scan speed, laser power and scan spacing. Findings -It is concluded that laser re-melting is a promising method to enhance the density and surface quality of SLM parts at a cost of longer production times. Laser re-melting improves the density to almost 100 per cent whereas 90 per cent enhancement is achieved in the surface quality of SLM parts after laser re-melting. The microhardness is improved in the laser re-molten zone if sufficiently high-energy densities are provided, probably due to a fine-cell size encountered in the microstructure. Originality/value -There has been extensive research in the field of laser surface modification techniques, e.g. laser polishing, laser hardening and laser surface melting, applied to bulk materials produced by conventional manufacturing processes. However, those studies only relate to laser enhancement of surface or sub-surface properties of parts produced using bulk material. They do not aim at enhancement of core material properties, nor surface enhancement of (rough) surfaces produced in a PM way by SLM. This study is carried out to cover the gap and analyze the advantages of laser re-melting in the field of additive manufacturing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The investigation of the influence of laser re‐melting on density, surface quality and microstructure of selective laser melting parts

Yasa

Deckers

Kruth

2011

Rapid Prototyping Journal

316

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Laser re-melting is not only used for surface modifications for lower roughness values [111][112][113][114][115] and densification but also to improve other surface material properties such as micro hardness [116][117][118], friction and wear behavior [116,119,120], corrosion resistance [121][122][123], wettability [113,124,125] and microstructural properties [126]. Laser re-melting is also reported to reduce the residual stress in the top layer with about 55% when sufficiently high energy per unit area in rescanning is selected (150% of the forming energy of a layer during SLM) [125].…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacturing by combining Selective Laser Melting and Selective Laser Erosion/laser re-melting

2011

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“…Laser surface melting (LSM) is a flexible surface treatment technology and now widely applied in manufacturing industry such as automobile, aerospace and power engineering [1,2]. More recently, it is crucial to improve the processing and machining qualities due to which most of these applications require higher performances including fast processing [3,4], melting layer homogeneity and refinement of grain size on metal surface, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%