Microstructure evolution in pearlitic steels during wire drawing

Zelin, M. G.

doi:10.1016/s1359-6454(02)00281-1

Cited by 253 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Results of these studies have confirmed the Golis theories [16] on negative impact of non-metallic inclusions on strength of the cord wires, as well as the theory of Zelin [30] indicating that the main cause of cracking of the pearlitic steel subjected to operating are micro delaminations created between the cementite lamellae. The obtained results have shown that around impurities the material discontinuities are created capable of exceeding the critical size of the defect and causing the wire cracking.…”

Section: Fig 4 Schematic Diagram Of the Steel Cord Shown Insupporting

confidence: 76%

“…In the work of Zelin [30] it can be read that as a result of the elastic deformations the horizontal micro delaminations of the individual cementite lamellae are created. During operation the cord wires are subjected to the complex state of stresses in the elastic range, which explains the fact, that the observed structure discontinuities were oriented in parallel to the cementite lamellae arranged in bands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The research performed by Zelin [30] have shown that as a result of elastic deformations preceding the permanent plastic deformation of the material, the horizontal micro delamination of the single lamellae of cementite takes place. The changes were observed both, at tension and twisting of the wires.…”

Section: Purpose and Object Of The Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of operation of elastomeric track chains on the selected properties of the steel cord wires

Grygier

2016

EiN

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Article citation info: (*) Tekst artykułu w polskiej wersji językowej dostępny w elektronicznym wydaniu kwartalnika na stronie www.ein.org.pl IntroductionThe track running systems enable movement of heavy vehicles on unpaved and rough terrain, snow-covered, marshy or swampy surfaces, as well as overcoming natural or artificial barriers [5,7,28]. This is possible by distributing the vehicle mass on greater surface which causes significant drop in unit pressure, increase in adherence of a vehicle and achieving greater driving force. The systems also improve quality of operation and maneuvering a vehicle in the difficult terrain conditions by reducing the rolling resistance and the tendency of a vehicle to sink.The track is a closed band girding wheels and rolls of the track running system on the circumference of which four zones can be distinguished: the upper one rolled over tension rollers, the retaining one cooperating with the ground, since it determines the size of the resulting driving force necessary for the motion of the vehicle, and the two inclined ones contained between one of the support wheels and the drive wheel, as well as the carrier wheel and the directional wheel [5,28]. The track chain bears all forces, vertical, longitudinal and transverse, appearing in contact of a vehicle with foundation. Due to the construction the metal, rubber-metal and elastomer tracks can be distinguished.The elastomeric tracks are designed on the principle of the inner chain created by links responsible for carrying the drive from the driving wheel and preventing sliding the track off [5,7,28]. Additionally, the track is reinforced with steel cord sunk in elastomer creating the tread pattern aimed at stiffening the structure, maintaining its proper deflection and giving the proper resistance to tensile forces.The cord is a structure composed of strands created by several intertwined individual wires. The cord may also be the strand itself made of several wires [3,11,16,19,20]. Individual wires have diameters from 0,15 to 0,38 mm, are produced as brass or zinc plated wires and have the following properties [16,18,19,20]: very high dynamic module, -high stiffness, -high strength, -low creep capacity, -high compressive modulus, -dimensional stability, -high resonance frequencies. -Wires designated for production of steel cord reinforcing tracks are manufactured from unalloyed pearlitic steel. The pearlitic steels containing from about 0,70 to 0,95% C belong to the group of unalloyed steels of the quality class designated for cold drawing or rolling [1-3, 8, 11, 18, 20]. Their chemical composition and mechanical properties are in compliance with the PN-EN 10323:2006 (U) standard [12]. As standard the steel wires for cord are characterised with tensile strength within the range of 2573 to even 4116 MPa [11,16].One of the problems widely discussed in the subject literature is cracking of the pearlitic steel subjected to plastic working and during its operating [4,18,10,14,16]. The problem is the more serious that it concerns ...

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Section: Fig 4 Schematic Diagram Of the Steel Cord Shown Insupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of operation of elastomeric track chains on the selected properties of the steel cord wires

Grygier

2016

EiN

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“…Cumulative straining by cold drawing induces material microstructure changes [15][16][17][18][19] in the form of progressive slenderizing and orientation of pearlitic colonies in the cold drawing direction [20,21], as well as densification and orientation of pearlite (ferrite/cementite) lamellae in that direction [22,23].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Loading Rate on the Hydrogen-Assisted Micro-Damage in Bluntly Notched Samples of Pearlitic Steel

Toribio

Vergara

Lorenzo

2016

Metals

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Abstract:The influence of loading rate (crosshead speed) on the fracture process of bluntly notched samples of pearlitic steel under hydrogen environment is analyzed in this paper. Results indicate that the location of the zone where fracture initiates (fracture process zone) in pearlitic steel samples with a blunt notch directly depends on the loading rate or crosshead speed. For slow testing rates, such a zone is placed in the specimen center due to hydrogen diffusion towards the prospective fracture places located in the central area of the section. On the other hand, in the case of high testing rates, the process of hydrogen-assisted fracture initiates near the sample periphery, i.e., in the vicinity of the notch tip, because in such quick tests hydrogen does not have enough time to diffuse towards inner points of the specimen.

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“…O processo de fabricação de fios por trefilação, e as consequentes alterações na microestrutura e nas propriedades dos aços perlíticos, tem sido objeto de estudo de diversos autores. Zelin [2] em seu trabalho apresenta a relação entre a deformação aplicada durante a trefilação com alterações microestruturais tais como, a espessura das lamelas de cementita e ferrita, a fração volumétrica das interfaces interlamelas e a distribuição não uniforme de deformação plástica. Outros estudos ainda relacionam determinados parâmetros microestruturais com as propriedades mecânicas dos aços perlíticos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Caracterização Da Microestrutura E Comportamento Mecânico De Fios De Aço Perlítico Trefilados

Duarte¹,

Mendes²,

Fontana³

et al. 2018

ABM Proceedings

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ResumoA combinação de propriedades apresentada pelos aços perlíticos permite sua aplicação em diversos segmentos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a microestrutura do aço SAE 1070 deformado via trefilação para a fabricação de fiomáquina. O aço foi trefilado a seco por 12 passes com reduções médias entre 15 e 21%. A caracterização microestrutural foi realizada com o auxílio da técnica de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e microscopia de força atômica. O material teve ainda seu comportamento mecânico avaliado por meio de ensaio de dureza Vickers e ensaio de tração. O material deformado apresentou a estrutura "curling" na seção transversal, enquanto que na seção longitudinal a maioria das lamelas se encontrava alinhadas com a direção de trefilação. Os ensaios de tração e dureza revelaram um aumento considerável da dureza e resistência do material após o processo de trefilação. Palavras-chave: SAE 1070; Trefilação; Caracterização microestrutural. MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION AND MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF PEARLITIC STEEL WIRE DRAWING AbstractThe combination of properties of pearlitic steels allows its application in different segments. The objective of the present work was characterizing the microstructure of SAE 1070 steel wire drawing for manufacturing tire cords. The steel was dry drawn for 12 pass with average reductions between 15 to 21%. The microstructural characterization was performed with the aid of the scanning by electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The material mechanical behavior was also evaluated by Vickers hardness and tensile test. The deformed material showed a curling structure in cross section, while in longitudinal section, the majority of the lamellas was aligned with drawing direction. Tensile and hardness tests revealed a significant increase in hardness and strength of the material after the drawing process.

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Microstructure evolution in pearlitic steels during wire drawing

Cited by 253 publications

References 22 publications

The impact of operation of elastomeric track chains on the selected properties of the steel cord wires

The impact of operation of elastomeric track chains on the selected properties of the steel cord wires

Influence of Loading Rate on the Hydrogen-Assisted Micro-Damage in Bluntly Notched Samples of Pearlitic Steel

Caracterização Da Microestrutura E Comportamento Mecânico De Fios De Aço Perlítico Trefilados

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