Microstructure development of PEBA and its impact on autoclave foaming behavior and inter-bead bonding of EPEBA beads

Jiang, Junjie; Liu, Fang; Chen, Bichi; Li, Yaozong; Yang, Xue; Tian, Fei; Xu, Duanfu; Zhai, Wentao

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125244

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…It was noteworthy that the density sharply climbed to 0.9 g/cm 3 when the saturation temperature reached 175 °C. Similar considerable increases in foam density within short temperature ranges were also reported by Jiang et al [38] in their work on the autoclave foaming of thermoplastic polyamide elastomer.…”

Section: Effect Of Saturation Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Figure 4 shows the density of HD-TPU foams as a function of saturation temperature. It is seen that no density reduction was observed when the saturation temperature was 100 • C. With the increase in saturation temperature, the foam density continuously declined and reached a lowest value of 0.31 g/cm 3 at 170 • C. It was noteworthy that the density sharply climbed to 0.9 g/cm 3 when the saturation temperature reached 175 • C. Similar considerable increases in foam density within short temperature ranges were also reported by Jiang et al [38] in their work on the autoclave foaming of thermoplastic polyamide elastomer. Figure 5 shows the cell morphologies of HD-TPU foams obtained at various foaming temperatures, and Figure 6 summarizes the cell size, cell size distribution, and cell density of foams.…”

Section: Foaming Behaviors Of Hd-tpu Sheets 231 Effect Of Saturation ...supporting

confidence: 82%

“…As mentioned above, the foaming temperature is a critical factor to control foam expansion, and a mountain-shaped relationship between foaming temperature and foam expansion ratio has been widely reported [38]. Figure 7 summarizes the optimum foaming temperature (T of ) of TPU as a function of sample hardness [6,16,21,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50], where the compressed CO 2 was used as the blowing agent.…”

Section: Foaming Behaviors Of Hd-tpu Sheets 231 Effect Of Saturation ...mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, our researc observed that the obvious chain degradation occurred at the foaming temperatures o 175-190 °C, which could be a major factor affecting cell growth; therefore, this issue and its possible mechanism will be discussed later. As mentioned above, the foaming temperature is a critical factor to control foam ex pansion, and a mountain-shaped relationship between foaming temperature and foam expansion ratio has been widely reported [38]. Figure 7 summarizes the optimum foamin temperature (Tof) of TPU as a function of sample hardness [6,16,21,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50], where the com pressed CO2 was used as the blowing agent.…”

Section: Foaming Behaviors Of Hd-tpu Sheets 231 Effect Of Saturation ...mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Supercritical Fluid Microcellular Foaming of High-Hardness TPU via a Pressure-Quenching Process: Restricted Foam Expansion Controlled by Matrix Modulus and Thermal Degradation

Chen

Jiang

et al. 2022

Molecules

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High-hardness thermoplastic polyurethane (HD-TPU) presents a high matrix modulus, low-temperature durability, and remarkable abrasion resistance, and has been used in many advanced applications. However, the fabrication of microcellular HD-TPU foam is rarely reported in the literature. In this study, the foaming behavior of HD-TPU with a hardness of 75D was investigated via a pressure-quenching foaming process using CO2 as a blowing agent. Microcellular HD-TPU foam with a maximum expansion ratio of 3.9-fold, a cell size of 25.9 μm, and cell density of 7.8 × 108 cells/cm3 was prepared, where a high optimum foaming temperature of about 170 °C had to be applied with the aim of softening the polymer’s matrix modulus. However, the foaming behavior of HD-TPU deteriorated when the foaming temperature further increased to 180 °C, characterized by the presence of coalesced cells, microcracks, and a high foam density of 1.0 g/cm3 even though the crystal domains still existed within the matrix. The cell morphology evolution of HD-TPU foam was investigated by adjusting the saturation time, and an obvious degradation occurred during the high-temperature saturation process. A cell growth mechanism of HD-TPU foams in degradation environments was proposed to explain this phenomenon based on the gas escape through the defective matrix.

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Section: Effect Of Saturation Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Foaming Behaviors Of Hd-tpu Sheets 231 Effect Of Saturation ...supporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Foaming Behaviors Of Hd-tpu Sheets 231 Effect Of Saturation ...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Foaming Behaviors Of Hd-tpu Sheets 231 Effect Of Saturation ...mentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Supercritical Fluid Microcellular Foaming of High-Hardness TPU via a Pressure-Quenching Process: Restricted Foam Expansion Controlled by Matrix Modulus and Thermal Degradation

Chen

Jiang

et al. 2022

Molecules

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“…In particular, bead foams have the special advantage of being able to form lowdensity 3D complex components through steam-chest molding. [9][10][11] Nowadays, bead foams can be produced with two different techniques: autoclave foaming and extrusion foaming. Compared with autoclave foaming, extrusion foaming is more cost-efficient, time-saving, and has no wastewater generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extruded polylactide bead foams using anhydrous supercritical CO₂ extrusion foaming

Su,

Huang,

Sun

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polylactic acid (PLA) is a bio‐based and biodegradable polymer. It is challenging to prepare PLA bead foams at a large scale in an efficient manner. Herein, beads of modified PLA are foamed by one‐step anhydrous supercritical CO2 extrusion. This dramatically shortens the production time, prevents the PLA from pyrohydrolysis, and avoids wastewater generation. The melt strength of the PLA is increased from 0.8 to 16.7 cN using a chain extender. The morphologies and microstructures of bead foams are analyzed. In the case of the PLA bead foam obtained by extrusion foaming combined with wind‐cooling pelletizing technology, the expansion ratio is higher than 13, the pore morphology is typical cellular structures, and the surface is glossy. The advantages and shortcomings of the PLA beads are also investigated. It is beneficial to promote the continuous preparation of PLA bead foams and other polymer beads like PS, and PP, which can be used in the fields of green packing, sound absorption, cold‐chain logistics, and so forth.

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Supercritical foaming of novel poly(ether‐b‐amide) elastomer and compression property characterization

Qiu,

Zhu,

Dong

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Lightweight foam made of poly(ether‐b‐amide) (PEBA) elastomer has been widely used in sport shoes due to its superior rebounding and supporting properties. Novel PEBA with polyamide 1012 as hard segments and poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTMO) as soft segments was foamed by supercritical CO2. The influence of foaming process parameters, that is saturation temperature, pressure on the morphology of cellular structure was systematically studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and wide‐angle x‐ray diffraction (WAXD). By controlling the viscoelastic behavior of PEBA at certain temperatures and pressures, foams with low density and energy loss coefficient can be fabricated. The cell density of 4.5 × 109 cells/cm3 and expansion ratio of 16.0 of the foams can be obtained respectively. Cyclic compression performance of foams was systematically studied. For the foams with the highest expansion ratio, the energy loss coefficient of 11.9% in the first cycle and 3.5% after equilibrium were observed, which were less than those of former reported PEBA foams. The relationship between the Young's modulus and expansion ratio is in line with the Gibson–Ashby relationship.

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Microstructure development of PEBA and its impact on autoclave foaming behavior and inter-bead bonding of EPEBA beads

Cited by 17 publications

References 45 publications

Supercritical Fluid Microcellular Foaming of High-Hardness TPU via a Pressure-Quenching Process: Restricted Foam Expansion Controlled by Matrix Modulus and Thermal Degradation

Supercritical Fluid Microcellular Foaming of High-Hardness TPU via a Pressure-Quenching Process: Restricted Foam Expansion Controlled by Matrix Modulus and Thermal Degradation

Extruded polylactide bead foams using anhydrous supercritical CO₂ extrusion foaming

Supercritical foaming of novel poly(ether‐b‐amide) elastomer and compression property characterization

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Microstructure development of PEBA and its impact on autoclave foaming behavior and inter-bead bonding of EPEBA beads

Cited by 17 publications

References 45 publications

Supercritical Fluid Microcellular Foaming of High-Hardness TPU via a Pressure-Quenching Process: Restricted Foam Expansion Controlled by Matrix Modulus and Thermal Degradation

Supercritical Fluid Microcellular Foaming of High-Hardness TPU via a Pressure-Quenching Process: Restricted Foam Expansion Controlled by Matrix Modulus and Thermal Degradation

Extruded polylactide bead foams using anhydrous supercritical CO2 extrusion foaming

Supercritical foaming of novel poly(ether‐b‐amide) elastomer and compression property characterization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Extruded polylactide bead foams using anhydrous supercritical CO₂ extrusion foaming