Microstructure Controlled Porous Silicon Particles as a High Capacity Lithium Storage Material via Dual Step Pore Engineering

Abstract

To overcome the lithium storage barriers of current lithium-ion batteries, it is imperative that conventional low capacity graphite anodes be replaced with other higher capacity anode materials. Silicon is a promising alternative anode material due to its huge energy densities; however, its lithiumconcentration-dependent volumetric changes can induce severely adverse effects that lead to drastic degradations in capacity during cycling. The dealloying of Si-metal alloys is recently suggested as a scalable approach to fabricate high-performance porous Si anode materials. Herein, a microstructure controlled porous Si is developed by the dealloying in conjunction with wet alkaline chemical etching. The resulting 3D networked structure enables enhancement in lithium storage properties when the Si-based material is applied not only as a single active material but also in a graphite-blended electrode.

Integration of Graphite and Silicon Anodes for the Commercialization of High‐Energy Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…Various kinds of high‐capacity Si materials have been investigated for the fabrication of graphite‐blended electrodes. Here, we introduce several representative studies on graphite‐blended Si anodes, including a combination of active Si and an inactive matrix such as silicon monoxide (SiO x ), Si‐metal alloys, and porous Si . The studies aimed at alleviating volume changes through the following strategies: 1) introduction of a mechanical buffer matrix and 2) formation of void spaces for accommodating Si expansion.…”

Structure‐Controllable Binary Nanoporous‐Silicon/Antimony Alloy as Anode for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…The result is producing alternate structure of metal‐and‐gap with an average metal ligament diameter (or pore diameter) as small as 3 nm . Dealloying technology has been widely used in the field of batteries, chemical sensors, capacitor and catalysis because of its simple and efficient production process. In this work, we present the morphology‐controllable synthesis and electrochemical property of Si x Sb alloy possessing nanoporous structure by the chemical dealloying of Al‐Si‐Sb alloy ribbon.…”

Graphit‐ und‐Silicium‐Anoden für Lithiumionen‐ Hochenergiebatterien

“…Einige repräsentative Graphit‐Si‐Mischungen für Anoden werden wir hier vorstellen, die z. B. eine Kombination aus aktivem Si und inaktiver Matrix wie Siliciummonoxid (SiO x ), Si‐Metall‐Legierungen und poröses Si beinhalten . Die betreffenden Studien basierten auf diesen Minderungsstrategien für Volumenänderungen: 1) eine mechanische Puffermatrix sowie 2) Hohlräume zur Aufname der Volumenänderung der Aktivmaterialien.…”