“…The hardness profile for the welded steel shown in Figure 11(a), reveals minimal variations of hardness values along the weld zone owing to the microstructural homogeneity in the welded zone, which agrees with our earlier discussion. They discovered the highest hardness weld zone of 245 HV, accounted for by the homogenous acicular/lathe ferrite structure in-conjunction with and blow holes absence, as also explained in the reference [62–64]. Figure 11 (a) Hardness profile of the welded alloy steels [61].…”
Section: Welding Behaviour Effect On the Microstructure And Mechanica...mentioning
Powder metallurgy (PM) technology is an ideal manufacturing process to produce near net shape parts i.e. part that requires little or no machining, examples of PM processes are spark plasma sintering, isostatic pressing and additive manufacturing. PM allows maximisation of materials and produces part with optimised mechanical and physical properties. Also, PM process provides the possibility to further increase the industrial use of PM parts by fabricating it into complex geometrical shapes via joining. Joining is the most important mechanical process necessary for PM parts to perform in actual service conditions expected in automobile parts and structural parts. Despite apparent advantages of PM processes, joining PM parts has been a tedious process, due to challenges associated with inherent characteristics, like porosity, chemical composition and impurities like oil or grease, which tend to impair the weldments property. In this document, a review of PM process is presented, focusing on different welding methods that can be used to effectively join PM components.
“…The hardness profile for the welded steel shown in Figure 11(a), reveals minimal variations of hardness values along the weld zone owing to the microstructural homogeneity in the welded zone, which agrees with our earlier discussion. They discovered the highest hardness weld zone of 245 HV, accounted for by the homogenous acicular/lathe ferrite structure in-conjunction with and blow holes absence, as also explained in the reference [62–64]. Figure 11 (a) Hardness profile of the welded alloy steels [61].…”
Section: Welding Behaviour Effect On the Microstructure And Mechanica...mentioning
Powder metallurgy (PM) technology is an ideal manufacturing process to produce near net shape parts i.e. part that requires little or no machining, examples of PM processes are spark plasma sintering, isostatic pressing and additive manufacturing. PM allows maximisation of materials and produces part with optimised mechanical and physical properties. Also, PM process provides the possibility to further increase the industrial use of PM parts by fabricating it into complex geometrical shapes via joining. Joining is the most important mechanical process necessary for PM parts to perform in actual service conditions expected in automobile parts and structural parts. Despite apparent advantages of PM processes, joining PM parts has been a tedious process, due to challenges associated with inherent characteristics, like porosity, chemical composition and impurities like oil or grease, which tend to impair the weldments property. In this document, a review of PM process is presented, focusing on different welding methods that can be used to effectively join PM components.
“…Wang et al [24] studied the TIG welding of TZM alloy. The results demonstrate that well-formed weld seam can be obtained under proper welding current (as is shown in Figure 5), welding speed, and argon gas flow, better welding process parameters: welding speed 4 mm/s, argon flow rate 10 L/min, welding current should be controlled at ~210 A. Jiang et al [25] researched TIG welding of Mo-Cu composite materials and stainless steel filled with Cr-Ni wires. Wang [26] found that there are fewer pores in weld seams obtained by EBW or TIG welding of smelting Mo alloy, whereas there are more pores in weld seams of pure Mo or Mo alloys obtained by powder metallurgy.…”
Owing to its potential application prospect in novel accident tolerant fuel, molybdenum alloys and their welding technologies have gained great importance in recent years. The challenges of welding molybdenum alloys come from two aspects: one is related to its powder metallurgy manufacturing process, and the other is its inherent characteristics of refractory metal. The welding of powder metallurgy materials has been associated with issues such as porosity, contamination, and inclusions, at levels which tend to degrade the service performances of a welded joint. Refractory metals usually present poor weldability due to embrittlement of the fusion zone as a result of impurities segregation and the grain coarsening in the heat-affected zone. A critical review of the current state of the art of welding Mo alloys components is presented. The advantages and disadvantages of the various methods, i.e., electron-beam welding (EBW), tungsten-arc inert gas (TIG) welding, laser welding (LW), electric resistance welding (ERW), and brazing and friction welding (FW) in joining Mo and Mo alloys, are discussed with a view to imagine future directions. This review suggests that more attention should be paid to high energy density laser welding and the mechanism and technology of welding Mo alloys under hyperbaric environment.
“…The dissimilar metal materials are widely used in national defense science and technology, weapon equipment, high voltage transmission and other fields because they possess the performances of two kinds of materials at the same time [1][2][3][4][5]. For example, the copper alloy/stainless steel dissimilar metal material simultaneously has high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity of copper alloy and high strength, excellent corrosion resistance of stainless steel [6], so it is widely used in cooling system, power plant, first main wall of nuclear fusion reactor and other industrial equipments [7].…”
The CuCr/1Cr18Ni9Ti bi-metal materials were prepared by the solid-liquid bonding method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and formation mechanism of the bonding interface were studied. The results show that there exists a serrated transition layer with a certain width at the interface of CuCr/1Cr18Ni9Ti bi-metal materials, and the transition layer consists of Fe-based and Cu-based solid solutions. The elastic modulus and hardness reach the maximum values at the interface closing to the 1Cr18Ni9Ti zone. The bonding temperature has a significant effect on the width and morphology of the transition layer. The interfacial bonding strength is at least 30% higher than that of the CuCr alloy, and the tensile fracture occurs at the side of the CuCr alloy rather than at the bonding interface.
solid-liquid bonding method, CuCr/1Cr18Ni9Ti bi-metal material, interface, microstructure, bonding strength
Citation:Zhang Q, Liang S H, Zou J T, et al. Interfacial microstructure of CuCr/1Cr18Ni9Ti bi-metal materials and its effect on bonding strength.
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