Microstructure and wear behavior of spherical NbC hardmetals with nickel-based binders on AISI 4145H steel

Qian, Cheng; Chen, Haiyan; Hou, Yue; Xu, Yurong; Li, Fan; Dong, Lihua

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2020.105414

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon reduces shear stress at the contact point and functions as a solid lubricant, consequently leading to a decrease in the coefficient of friction and an improvement in wear resistance. [26][27][28][29] In order to further investigate the wear properties, the average wear rate of the two specimens was calculated, as shown in Figure 13b. The wear rate K can be calculated from the following equation [30] : K = V/Fs.…”

Section: Wear Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Refinement of Microstructure and Enhancement of Wear Resistance of Ni–Cr Cast Iron by NbC

Cao,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2024

steel research int.

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This article investigates the influence of niobium addition on the microstructure and properties of Ni–Cr cast iron. In situ observations and analysis of phase precipitation during solidification are conducted through a high‐temperature laser scanning confocal microscope and Thermo‐Calc software. The refining mechanism of the microstructure and the enhancement of wear resistance by NbC are explored. The results indicate that with an increase in Nb content, the precipitation temperature of NbC particles gradually rises. When the niobium content exceeds 0.2%, NbC becomes the first precipitated phase during the solidification of the liquid phase. NbC particles can serve as heterogeneous nucleus for austenite, refining the grain structure of Ni–Cr cast iron. The existence of NbC particles within the grain impedes the elongation of martensite and bainite bundles while providing additional nucleation sites to accelerate the phase transformation. The grain refinement and the obstructive influence of NbC particles collectively induce a more disordered bainitic structure. Moreover, the exceptional hardness of NbC particles effectively safeguards the matrix from abrasion, consequently enhancing the wear resistance of Ni–Cr cast iron.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wear Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Refinement of Microstructure and Enhancement of Wear Resistance of Ni–Cr Cast Iron by NbC

Cao,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2024

steel research int.

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“…When the Nb element was added to the coating, the grains refined gradually, and the NbC phase was generated. NbC had a mixture of covalent bonds and metal bonds, rendering it difficult to perform solid-state welding during wear and greatly reducing adhesive wear [37]. NbC had a high hardness and was evenly distributed in the cladding layer, forming a skeleton resistant to wear and greatly improving the wear resistance of the cladding layer [6].…”

Section: Hardness Analysis and Wear Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure Analysis of a Chromium Plating Layer on a Piston Rod Surface and the Study of Ni-Based Composite Coating with Nb Addition by Laser Cladding

Wang

Zhang

Shen

et al. 2022

Metals

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The failure of a chromium plating layer on the surface of a piston rod was analyzed, and an Ni-based alloy mixed with a niobium (Nb) composite coating was investigated by means of stereomicroscopy, metallographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Vickers hardness testing, and wear testing. The results show that penetrating cracks were present in the chromium layer. Subsequently, the corrosion intensified, resulting in the bubbling, cracking, and peeling of the chromium layer. The cladding layer presented a structure morphology of planar crystalline at the bottom, dendritic at the middle, and equiaxial crystalline at the top. The solidification parameters, which were derived from simulation results, confirmed that the ratios between temperature gradient (G) and solidification speed (S) decreased, and the values of the cooling speeds increased from the bottom to the top of the cladding layer. With an increase in Nb content, the structure became gradually refined and uniformly dense. The cladding layer of the Ni-based alloy mixed with Nb was mainly composed of γ-Ni, Cr23C6, Cr7C3, NbC, and Ni3Nb. NbC could be formed in situ and presented itself in four forms: particles, dendrites, polyhedrals, and networks. The microhardness of the coating with 15% added Nb was enhanced to 400 HV0.2, and the wear resistance thereof was 11.14 times higher than the substrate. After the 15% Nb coating had aged for 16 h, the diffraction peak intensities of Cr23C6 and Cr7C3 significantly increased, and the volume fraction of granular NbC increased from 1.67% to 2.54%. The microhardness was enhanced to 580 HV0.2, and the wear resistance thereof was better than that of the chromium plating layer.

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“…Reviewing the above literature, the addition of single ceramic particles often leads to agglomeration of ceramic particles, which is detrimental to improving the uniformity of the mechanical properties of the coating. Research [14,21] also indicates that TiC and NbC ceramics with high hardness, wear resistance, and thermal stability, can be considered as ideal candidates to strengthen the mechanical properties of 316L alloy. In addition, because TiC and NbC have similar lattice structures, Ti and Nb atoms in the lattice structure can be exchanged to form multi-carbide ceramics during the solidification process [16,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of (Ti, Nb)C Ceramic-Reinforced 316L Stainless Steel Coating by Laser Cladding

2022

Applied Sciences

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The poor wear resistance of 316L stainless steel restricts further practical application. In this study, to improve its microhardness and wear resistance, the TiC and NbC ceramic particles were introduced to 316L powder fabricate (Ti, Nb)C ceramics-reinforced composite coatings by laser cladding. The effects of ceramics addition on the phase composition, microstructure, microhardness, and wear properties of the composite coating were investigated with an X-ray diffractometer, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, a Vickers hardness tester, and a multi-functional surface performance tester. Results indicate that the TiC and NbC ceramic particles were distributed at the grain boundaries, effectively inhibiting the grain growth and refining the microstructure. The addition of ceramic particles could have decreased the temperature gradient and promoted the transformation from columnar crystals to equiaxed crystals. In addition, the microhardness was improved due to fine grain strengthening and solid solution strengthening. The friction coefficient and cross-sectional area of the composite coating were 0.381 and 8164.732 μm2, which was 0.846 and 0.603 times that of the 316L coating, respectively. Moreover, severe adhesive wear and plastic deformation was transformed into slight adhesive wear and abrasive wear due to the addition of TiC and NbC particles. This study provides new approaches to improving the wear resistance of 316L stainless steel and broadens its application.

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Microstructure and wear behavior of spherical NbC hardmetals with nickel-based binders on AISI 4145H steel

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Refinement of Microstructure and Enhancement of Wear Resistance of Ni–Cr Cast Iron by NbC

Refinement of Microstructure and Enhancement of Wear Resistance of Ni–Cr Cast Iron by NbC

Failure Analysis of a Chromium Plating Layer on a Piston Rod Surface and the Study of Ni-Based Composite Coating with Nb Addition by Laser Cladding

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of (Ti, Nb)C Ceramic-Reinforced 316L Stainless Steel Coating by Laser Cladding

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