Microstructure and mechanics of human resistance arteries

Bell, James Stephen; Adio, Aminat O; Pitt, Andrew M.; Hayman, Lindsay; Thorn, Clare; Shore, Angela C.; Whatmore, Jacqueline L.; Winlove, C. Peter

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00002.2016

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The extent to which the molecules are tilted with respect to the fibril axis has been suggested to vary between tissues, with measurements of approximately 5° in large heterogeneous fibrils (typical of skeletal tissues such as tendon), and up to 17° in the thinner, uniform sized corneal fibrils [5] , [6] At larger hierarchical scales the stiffness of collagenous structures reduces, due to an increasing number of deformation mechanisms [7] . The primary deformation mechanism is dependent on the geometry of the tissue: for highly aligned tissues such as tendon and ligament, the relative sliding of fibrils dominates [8] , while in tissues with more complex patterns of collagen arrangement such as cartilage and blood vessels, reorientation of the fibrillar architecture also plays a fundamental role [9] , [10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hierarchical response of human corneal collagen to load

et al. 2018

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hierarchical response of human corneal collagen to load

et al. 2018

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“… 2 , 3 As well as collagen, elastic tissue has a fundamental biomechanical role in many dynamic tissues, 4 for example, lungs and the intima of blood vessels, where it routinely experiences strains in excess of 100% in response to changes in blood pressure and vasoactivity. 5 Similarly, the sclera contains an elastic fiber system 6 , 7 allowing the eye to deform slightly as a result of internal and external pressure, before regaining its original shape. Despite the cornea being part of the outer tunic of the eye, along with the sclera, the presence of elastic tissue in the corneal stroma has been overlooked in recent years.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Structural Role of Elastic Fibers in the Cornea Investigated Using a Mouse Model for Marfan Syndrome

White

Lewis

Hayes

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PurposeThe presence of fibrillin-rich elastic fibers in the cornea has been overlooked in recent years. The aim of the current study was to elucidate their functional role using a mouse model for Marfan syndrome, defective in fibrillin-1, the major structural component of the microfibril bundles that constitute most of the elastic fibers.MethodsMouse corneas were obtained from animals with a heterozygous fibrillin-1 mutation (Fbn1+/−) and compared to wild type controls. Corneal thickness and radius of curvature were calculated using optical coherence tomography microscopy. Elastic microfibril bundles were quantified and visualized in three-dimensions using serial block face scanning electron microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy was used to analyze stromal ultrastructure and proteoglycan distribution. Center-to-center average interfibrillar spacing was determined using x-ray scattering.ResultsFbn1+/− corneas were significantly thinner than wild types and displayed a higher radius of curvature. In the Fbn1+/− corneas, elastic microfibril bundles were significantly reduced in density and disorganized compared to wild-type controls, in addition to containing a higher average center-to-center collagen interfibrillar spacing in the center of the cornea. No other differences were detected in stromal ultrastructure or proteoglycan distribution between the two groups. Proteoglycan side chains appeared to colocalize with the microfibril bundles.ConclusionsElastic fibers have an important, multifunctional role in the cornea as highlighted by the differences observed between Fbn1+/− and wild type animals. We contend that the presence of normal quantities of structurally organized elastic fibers are required to maintain the correct geometry of the cornea, which is disrupted in Marfan syndrome.

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“…These include electron microscopy , polarization light microscopy , small‐angle light scattering ( ) and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) . Since the early 2000s second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has evolved as a useful imaging tool for imaging the suprafibrillar assembly of the collagen network in various connective tissues, including skin , tendon , muscle , cornea , sclera and cardiovascular tissue . It has also been successful in detecting and quantifying the effects of various deleterious connective tissue conditions and insults, such as corneal photothermal damage , keratoconus , heat burns , matrix remodelling in tumor microenvironments , as well as tissue fibrosis and scarring .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of collagen fiber structure using second harmonic generation imaging and two‐dimensional discrete Fourier transform analysis: Application to the human optic nerve head

Pijanka

Markov

Midgett

et al. 2019

Journal of Biophotonics

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Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is widely used to image collagen fiber microarchitecture due to its high spatial resolution, optical sectioning capabilities and relatively nondestructive sample preparation. Quantification of SHG images requires sensitive methods to capture fiber alignment. This article presents a two‐dimensional discrete Fourier transform (DFT)–based method for collagen fiber structure analysis from SHG images. The method includes integrated periodicity plus smooth image decomposition for correction of DFT edge discontinuity artefact, avoiding the loss of peripheral image data encountered with more commonly used windowing methods. Outputted parameters are as follows: the collagen fiber orientation distribution, aligned collagen content and the degree of collagen fiber dispersion along the principal orientation. We demonstrate its application to determine collagen microstructure in the human optic nerve head, showing its capability to accurately capture characteristic structural features including radial fiber alignment in the innermost layers of the bounding sclera and a circumferential collagen ring in the mid‐stromal tissue. Higher spatial resolution rendering of individual lamina cribrosa beams within the nerve head is also demonstrated. Validation of the method is provided in the form of correlative results from wide‐angle X‐ray scattering and application of the presented method to other fibrous tissues.

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Microstructure and mechanics of human resistance arteries

Cited by 14 publications

References 60 publications

The hierarchical response of human corneal collagen to load

The hierarchical response of human corneal collagen to load

The Structural Role of Elastic Fibers in the Cornea Investigated Using a Mouse Model for Marfan Syndrome

Quantification of collagen fiber structure using second harmonic generation imaging and two‐dimensional discrete Fourier transform analysis: Application to the human optic nerve head

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