Microstructure and Mechanical Property Correlation Between Rotary Friction Welded Nitinol–Nitinol Joints

Rehman, Ateekh Ur; Babu, N. Kishore; Talari, Mahesh Kumar; Usmani, Yusuf Siraj; Alkhalefah, Hisham

doi:10.3389/fmats.2021.726383

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…The friction welding parameters used are listed in Table 3. The welding technique for the rotary friction welding equipment was described in the reference [30]. In a standard friction welding cycle, five process parameters are utilized: spindle speed, forge pressure, forge time, friction time, and friction pressure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Rotary Friction Welded Inconel to Stainless Steel Joints

et al. 2023

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The present study aims to evaluate the microstructure, grain size, and mechanical properties of the dissimilar AISI 316L/Inconel 718 (IN 718) rotary friction welded joints under both the as-welded and post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) conditions. Because of reduced flow strength at elevated temperatures, the AISI 316L and IN 718 dissimilar weldments exhibited more flash formation on the AISI 316L side. At higher rotating speeds during friction welding, an intermixing zone was created at the weld joint interface due to the material softening and squeezing. The dissimilar welds exhibited distinctive regions, including the fully deformed zone (FDZ), heat-affected zone (HAZ), thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and the base metal (BM), located on either side of the weld interface. The dissimilar friction welds, AISI 316L/IN 718 ST and AISI 316L/IN 718 STA, exhibited yield strength (YS) of 634 ± 9 MPa and 602 ± 3 MPa, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 728 ± 7 MPa and 697± 2 MPa, and % elongation (% El) of 14 ± 1.5 and 17 ± 0.9, respectively. Among the welded samples, PWHT samples exhibited high strength (YS = 730 ± 2 MPa, UTS = 828 ± 5 MPa, % El = 9 ± 1.2), and this may be attributed to the formation of precipitates. Dissimilar PWHT friction weld samples resulted in the highest hardness among all the conditions in the FDZ due to the formation of precipitates. On the AISI 316L side, prolonged exposure to high temperatures during PWHT resulted in grain growth and decreased hardness. During the tensile test at ambient temperature, both the as-welded and PWHT friction weld joints failed in the HAZ regions of the AISI 316L side.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Rotary Friction Welded Inconel to Stainless Steel Joints

et al. 2023

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“…The thermo-mechanical working leads to a dynamic recrystallisation, leading to a very fine-grained microstructure, as is typical for friction welds [21]. Previous publications [13,29,30] identify several different microstructural areas in friction welds, with [29] identifying a recrystallised weld centre zone (WCZ), a thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), a heat-affected zone (HAZ) and the base metal (BM). According to [29], both WCZ and TMAZ are thermo-mechanically affected, resulting in recrystallisation or deformation of the structure, while the HAZ is affected by heat only, and is not deformed.…”

Section: Characterisation Of the Welded Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue Strength Assessment of Friction Welds under Consideration of Residual Stress

Uhlenberg,

Baumgartner,

Rößler

et al. 2024

Materials

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A reliable local-fatigue assessment approach for rotary friction-welded components does not yet exist. The scope of this paper is to present test results for the fatigue behaviour of rotary friction-welded solid shafts made of structural steel S355J2G3 (1.0570) and an approach to fatigue assessment considering residual stress. In contrast to fusion-welded joints, components made by rotary friction welding usually contain compressive residual stress near the weld, which can significantly affect the fatigue strength. For this purpose, specimens were welded and characterised, including metallographic micrographs, hardness measurements, and residual stress measurements. The fatigue tests were performed with a constant amplitude loading in tension/compression or torsion with R = −1. All specimens were investigated without machining of the weld flash, either in the as-welded state or after a post-weld stress-relief heat treatment. In addition, the friction welding process and the residual stress formation were analysed using numerical simulation. The characterisation results are integrated into a fatigue assessment approach. Overall, the specimens perform comparatively well in the fatigue tests and the experimentally observed fatigue behaviour is well described using the proposed local approaches.

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“…4d). The thermal-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) is characterized by highly deformed grains, which are coarser than those of WZ but ner than those of BM due to the effect of and friction heating and stress [25] . As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Overall Morphology Of Jointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction welding of 42CrMo medium carbon steel and 36Mn2V alloy steel: Effects of forging pressure and post-weld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties

Lu,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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42CrMo medium carbon steel and 36Mn2V alloy steel were successfully jointed using continuous drive friction welding. The effects of forging pressure and post-weld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of joints were investigated in detail. Results reveal that with increasing the forging pressure, the tensile and yield strength increase firstly and then decrease. The as-welded joint with the highest yield strength (708 MPa), largest elongation (14.2%), and high impact toughness (57.24 J) were obtained with the 35MPa forging pressure. After post-weld heat treatment, the joint yield strength, elongation, and impact toughness were increased to 798 MPa, 18.1%, and 71.02 J, respectively. The microhardness measurement results indicate that the as-welded joints show higher Vicker hardness than the two base metals. After post-weld heat treatment, the microhardness was decreased owing to martensite elimination. The above findings provide a basis for the implementation of friction welding of dissimilar steels used for drills in the coal-mining industry.

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Microstructure and Mechanical Property Correlation Between Rotary Friction Welded Nitinol–Nitinol Joints

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Influence of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Rotary Friction Welded Inconel to Stainless Steel Joints

Influence of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Rotary Friction Welded Inconel to Stainless Steel Joints

Fatigue Strength Assessment of Friction Welds under Consideration of Residual Stress

Friction welding of 42CrMo medium carbon steel and 36Mn2V alloy steel: Effects of forging pressure and post-weld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties

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