Microstructure and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline WC–12Co consolidated by spark plasma sintering

Sivaprahasam, D.; Chandrasekar, Srinivasan; Sundaresan, R.

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2006.03.008

Cited by 174 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The reduction of the density value of the sintered samples with inhibitors is associated with the limitation of the phenomena of diffusion and migration of Co [15]. However, the density values achieved are much higher than those obtained by other authors [4,5,16]. This is probably due to nano-powders use and a higher pressure in the consolidation process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…This has allowed the obtaining of cemented carbides nanocrystalline (NV) with an average grain size of 154 nm, one of the smallest ones reported in literature [15]. The mechanisms of grain growth inhibition are not clearly determined [4,11,17]. Although, they may be due to the formation of a thin film (Cr/V, W)Cx on the surface of WC crystals, limiting phenomena diffusion involved in grain growth [15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This coarsening of nanosized powders is an issue that affects not only the cemented tungsten carbide, but also the manufacture of bulk nanocrystalline materials of a broad range of ceramic and metallic materials. Compared to the sintering of conventional micron-sized powders, the sintering of nanosized powders has an additional challenge of retaining nanoscaled grain sizes upon achieving full densification [4,5]. To control the grain growth in ultrafine WC-Co composites, one of the keys is a suitable selection of the second-phase additives as grain growth inhibitors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Microstructural control of ultrafine and nanocrystalline WC–12Co–VC/Cr3C2 mixture by spark plasma sintering

Bonache

Salvador

Rocha

et al. 2011

Ceramics International

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Microstructural control of ultrafine and nanocrystalline WC–12Co–VC/Cr3C2 mixture by spark plasma sintering

Bonache

Salvador

Rocha

et al. 2011

Ceramics International

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“…The process of grain growth in cemented carbides can be characterized as both continuous and discontinuous. Continuous growth is characterized by uniform growth of WC grains, while discontinuous growth characterizes growth of isolated WC grains or groups of WC grains, which grow faster and larger compared to the surrounding grains [8][9][10]. Both growth processes must be avoided in order to obtain satisfactory properties in the sintered products since mechanical properties of ultrafine and nanostructured cemented carbides are directly dependent on the developed microstructure: WC grain size, mean free path of Co and contiguity of WC grains [2,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Grain Growth Inhibitors and Powder Size on the Properties of Ultrafine and Nanostructured Cemented Carbides Sintered in Hydrogen

Fabijanić

Jakovljević

Franz

et al. 2016

Metals

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Abstract:The influence of grain growth inhibitors and powder size on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ultrafine and nanostructured cemented carbides was researched. Three different WC powders, with an addition of different type and content of grain growth inhibitors GGIs, VC and Cr 3 C 2 and with d BET grain sizes in the range from 95 to 150 nm were selected as starting powders. Four different mixtures with 6 and 9 wt. % Co were prepared. The consolidated samples are characterized by different microstructural and mechanical properties with respect to the characteristics of starting powders. Increased sintering temperatures led to microstructural irregularities in the form of a discontinuous WC growth, carbide agglomerates and abnormal grain growth as a consequence of coalescence via grain boundary elimination. The addition of 0.45% Cr 3 C 2 contributed to microstructure homogeneity, reduced discontinuous and continuous grain growth, and increased Vickers hardness by approximately 70 HV and fracture toughness by approximately 0.15 MN/m 3/2 . The reduction of the starting powder to a real nanosize of 95 nm resulted in lower densities, and significant hardness increase, with a simultaneously small increase in fracture toughness. The consolidation of real nanopowders (d BET < 100 nm) solely by conventional sintering in hydrogen without isostatic pressing is not preferred.

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“…The literature reports SPS of hard metal under different conditions of pressure, heating rate, final temperature, dwelling time, alloy composition and grain size [10][11][12][13] . Both solid and liquid state sintering were investigated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Spark Plasma Sintering of a Hard Metal Powder Obtained from Hard Metal Scrap

2017

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Spark plasma sintering is used to consolidate a WC-Co powder produced from milled discharged hard metal cutting inserts. The powder was mixed to 10%wt Co powder and spark plasma sintered (SPS) under 80Mpa pressure, at 1200ºC with heating rate of 160ºC/min. A reference alloy was prepared with a commercial WC powder and 10%wt. Co under the same conditions. The structures of both alloys were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy and Vickers hardness. The results show structures with densities and hardness at the same level. SPS can be used to produce hard metal pieces directly from scrap powder without any prior chemical and thermal treatment.

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline WC–12Co consolidated by spark plasma sintering

Cited by 174 publications

References 25 publications

Microstructural control of ultrafine and nanocrystalline WC–12Co–VC/Cr3C2 mixture by spark plasma sintering

Microstructural control of ultrafine and nanocrystalline WC–12Co–VC/Cr3C2 mixture by spark plasma sintering

Influence of Grain Growth Inhibitors and Powder Size on the Properties of Ultrafine and Nanostructured Cemented Carbides Sintered in Hydrogen

Spark Plasma Sintering of a Hard Metal Powder Obtained from Hard Metal Scrap

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