Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nickel-Based Coatings Fabricated through Laser Additive Manufacturing

Abstract

In this study, single-layer and three-layer nickel-based coatings were fabricated on 316L SS by laser additive manufacturing. The phase characterization, microstructure observation, and microhardness analysis of the coatings were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and microhardness tester. And the wear resistance of the coatings was analyzed through dry sliding friction and wear test. The results show that the cross-section microstructure of the three-layer nickel-based coating is different from that of the single-layer one under the influence of heat accumulation; the dendrite structure in the central region of the former is equiaxial dendrite, while that of the latter still remains large columnar dendrites. The existence of solid solution phase γ-(Fe, Ni) and hard phases of Ni17Si3, Cr5B3, Ni3B in the coating significantly improve the wear resistance of the coating, and the microhardness is nearly 2.5 times higher than that of the substrate. However, the average microhardness of multilayer cladding coating is about 48 HV0.2 higher than that of the single-layer cladding coating. In addition, the fine surface structure of the three-layer nickel-based coating improves the wear resistance of the coating, making this coating with the best wear resistance.

Influence of the Chemical Composition on the Solidification Path, Strengthening Mechanisms and Hardness of Ni-Cr-Si-Fe-B Self-Fluxing Alloys Obtained by Laser-Directed Energy Deposition

“…Among the three composition grades studied, Alloy C was the one with the highest hardness. In the literature, similar values of RT hardness are reported, in some cases slightly higher [19,25,26] and in other cases lower [23,27,28] than obtained here. No references to HT hardness values were found in the literature review.…”

“…LMD is a key process for the improved design and manufacturing of near-net-shape parts. In fact, some novel results were published recently using this technology for AM with Ni-Cr-Si-B alloys [18,19]. This process allows one to obtain a lower layer height and better resolution and accuracy compared with WAAM, and lower investment and implementation costs compared with EBAM.…”

Additive Manufacturing Research and Applications

“…This Special Issue offers a wide scope in the research field around 3D printing, including the following [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]: the use of 3D printing in system design, AM with binding jetting, powder manufacturing technologies in 3D printing, fatigue performance of additively manufactured metals such as the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, 3D-printing method with metallic powder and a laser-based 3D printer, 3D-printed custom-made implants, laser-directed energy deposition (LDED) process of TiC-TMC coatings, Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing, cranial implant fabrication without supports in electron beam melting (EBM) additive manufacturing, the influence of material properties and characteristics in laser powder bed fusion, Design For Additive Manufacturing (DFAM), porosity evaluation of additively manufactured parts, fabrication of coatings by laser additive manufacturing, laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing, plasma metal deposition (PMD), as-metal-arc (GMA) additive manufacturing process, and spreading process maps for powder-bed additive manufacturing derived from physics model-based machine learning.…”

Development of a New Manufacturing Route by Direct Laser Metal Deposition With NiCrSiFeB Alloys to Replace Cobalt in Aeronautical Components

“…LMD is a key process for improved design and manufacturing of near-net-shape parts. In fact, some recent progress are published recently by some authors [8], [9]. This process allows obtaining lower layer height and better resolution and accuracy compared with WAAM, and lower investment and implementation cost compared with EBAM.…”