Microstructure and mechanical behavior of cemented gold/tungsten mine tailings-crushed rock backfill: Effects of rock gradation and content

Huang, Zhiqiang; Cao, Shuai; Yılmaz, Erol

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117897

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The cementitious material selected is 32. 5 (4)Experimental Procedure: Based on the concentration ratio set for the experiment, the required material quantities were calculated. The precise measurements of the raw materials were taken and placed into the mixer.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation on Dynamical Mechanics of Rock-Backfill Composite Samples under SHPB Test

Ma,

Zhang,

Yang

2024

Preprint

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In blast-induced caving mining employing backfilling techniques, understanding the mechanism of interaction and evolution of deformation between rock and backfill under coupled conditions has become essential. In order to perform dynamic uniaxial impact testing at high strain rates utilizing the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) test technique, this research produced coupled specimens of rock and cemented tailing backfill (CTB). The coupled body's stress-strain curves at various strain rates were measured, and the failure processes behind them were examined. Using GDEM software, a coupled model of SHPB rock-CTB was created in order to examine the internal variations in stress wave velocity as well as the evolution of cracks in the coupled specimens. According to experimental results, the dynamic compressive strength of the connected body increases first, falls later, and finally stabilizes when the average strain rate (ASR) increases from 27.45 s− 1 to 68.73 s− 1. At typical strain rates below 60 s− 1, the stress-strain curve displays a "stress drop" type, and at rates over 60 s− 1, a "stress rebound" type. When the ASR is below 55 s− 1, the energy absorption progressively increases; when it is above 55 s− 1, it reduces and then increases again. The simulation results validate the validity of the experimental conclusions by showing that transverse and longitudinal cracks occur on the surface of the backfill, with greater deformation observed on the side in contact with the transmission bar compared to the side in contact with the rock.

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Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also drastically lowers dilution losses, limits tailings and waste rock outflow, and increases total resource recovery rates [5]. One of the main techniques used in underground mining operations is blasting.…”

Section: Introduction：mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Dynamical Mechanics of Rock-Backfill Composite Samples under SHPB Test

Ma,

Zhang,

Yang

2024

Preprint

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“…Second, by comparing the particle size of each material in the CLTB, it can be seen that LS has the smallest particle size in the slurry, which can sufficiently fill the pores between large particles, such as FA and DG. This makes the internal structure of the CLTB slurry more compact, which is conducive to improving its compressive strength [48].…”

Section: Mechanism Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Slag and Solid Waste-Based Binders for Cemented Lithium Mica Fine Tailings Backfill

Li,

Huang,

et al. 2023

Materials

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To mitigate the adverse effects of fine-grained lithium mica tailings and other solid wastes generated from the extraction of lithium ore mining, as well as the limitations of traditional cement-based binders for lithium mica fine tailings, this study explores the feasibility of using a binder composed of ordinary Portland cement, lithium slag, fly ash, and desulfurization gypsum to stabilize lithium fine tailings into cemented lithium tailings backfill. Compared with traditional cementitious binders, an extensive array of experiments and analyses were conducted on binders formed by various material proportion combinations, employing uniaxial compressive strength tests, microstructural morphology, grayscale analyses, and flowability tests. The results show the following: (1) In this study, an LSB binder exhibiting superior mechanical properties compared to traditional cementitious binders was identified, with an optimal OPC:LS:FA:DG ratio of 2:1:1:1. (2) In the context of cemented lithium mica fine tailings, the LSB-CLTB material exhibits higher unconfined compressive strength and lower self-weight compared to OPC-CLTB materials. At a binder content of 10 wt%, the UCS values achieved by the LSB-CLTB material at curing periods of 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days are 0.97 MPa, 1.52 MPa, and 2.1 MPa, respectively, representing increases of 40.6%, 34.5%, and 44.8% over the compressive strength of OPC-based materials under the same conditions. (3) The LSB binder not only exhibits enhanced pozzolanic reactivity but also facilitates the infilling of detrimental pores through its inherent particle size and the formation of AFt and C-(A)-S-H gels via hydration reactions, thereby effectively improving the compressive strength performance of fine-grained tailings backfill.

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“…While scholars have conducted in‐depth studies on the rheological properties of rock through testing and theory, improving our understanding of rheological effects, 26–39 existing results have often oversimplified the true creep behavior of rock. They often neglect the influence of the initial creep stress on the creep characteristics and do not develop models suitable for numerical calculations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A viscoelastic–plastic constitutive model incorporating creep initiation stress for surrounding rock in deep roadways and its practical application

Kang,

Gong,

et al. 2024

Energy Science & Engineering

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With the increasing depth of engineering in rock masses, the issue of significant rheological deformation becomes notably prominent. To accurately characterize the deformation and failure behavior of the surrounding rock near the goaf in deep small coal pillars, we have developed a viscoelastic–plastic constitutive model that takes into account the initial stress associated with creep. This model builds upon an existing viscoelastic–plastic constitutive framework and is implemented numerically using C++ in the FLAC3D. The Oedometer test method is used to check the creep components and the calculated parameter (η/G) ensure convergence of numerical operations. We conducted both pre‐improvement and post‐improvement tests of the constitutive model in a simple numerical analysis of roadways. The enhanced model demonstrates improved accuracy in deviational stress calculations and proves suitable for modeling deep, soft roadways. Furthermore, we applied the improved model to simulate actual working conditions at Zhaozhuang Mine, where mining operations near the working face induce a fracture zone of approximately 3 m in the small coal pillar located at the goaf's edge. The new model closely aligns with the observed results, further validating its suitability for tunneling along the goaf. Tunneling and mining activities result in significant deformation at various locations, including the shoulder socket of the working face, the top angle of the coal pillar, and the bottom angle of the floor. The crushing zone at the working face extends up to 4 m. Rheological effects transform the triangular elastic core, from its original high‐pressure elastic state to a fracture and plastic zone in the deep coal. Stress in deep coal is transmitted along the triangular elastic core. Numerical simulation results closely match the excavation profile of the tunneling, providing valuable insights into the impact of mining activities. This study can provide reference for deformation of similar geological conditions and engineering situation.

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Microstructure and mechanical behavior of cemented gold/tungsten mine tailings-crushed rock backfill: Effects of rock gradation and content

Cited by 26 publications

References 78 publications

Investigation on Dynamical Mechanics of Rock-Backfill Composite Samples under SHPB Test

Investigation on Dynamical Mechanics of Rock-Backfill Composite Samples under SHPB Test

Lithium Slag and Solid Waste-Based Binders for Cemented Lithium Mica Fine Tailings Backfill

A viscoelastic–plastic constitutive model incorporating creep initiation stress for surrounding rock in deep roadways and its practical application

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