Microstructure and electrical properties of Y2O3-doped ZnO–Pr6O11-based varistor ceramics

Effect of TiO2 doping on microstructural and electrical properties of ZnO–Pr6O11-based varistor ceramics

“…The increase of varistor voltage can be explained by the increase in the number of grain boundaries owing to the decrease of average ZnO grain size [43]. However, with more TiO 2 doped, the dopants will deteriorate the nonlinear electrical properties of the samples.…”

Electrical properties and AC degradation characteristics of low voltage ZnO varistors doped with Nd2O3

“…It is believed that the decrease of the average grain size with Nd 2 O 3 content is attributed to segregation of Nd 2 O 3 , which nearly insoluble in ZnO grains, to grain boundaries. This was nearly equal to that of ceramics doped with other rare-earth metal oxides [10].…”

Influence of Fe2O3 doping on microstructural and electrical properties of ZnO–Pr6O11 based varistor ceramic materials

“…A high value of nonlinear exponent of varistor ceramics would lead to low leakage current due to its relatively high tunneling current, and a low value of nonlinear exponent would lead to high leakage current due to its relatively high thermionic emission current [39].…”