Microstructure and Current–Voltage Characteristics of Multicomponent Vanadium‐Doped Zinc Oxide Varistors

Hng, Huey Hoon; Knowles, Kevin M.

doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01576.x

Cited by 86 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Previously, it has not been possible to make functional varistor using this kind of ZnO varistor materials sintered at low temperature (900°C). Much research has been done with ZnO-V 2 O 5 ceramics, but the reported [15][16][17][18][19]. Functional varistor compositions sinterable at 900°C using the polymerized complex methods have also been researched.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructural and electrical properties of multicomponent varistor ceramics with PbO–ZnO–B2O3 glass addition

et al. 2007

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Zinc oxide based ceramics are widely used materials in varistors because of their excellent nonlinearity. Traditionally these ceramics are sintered at high temperatures (about 1,100-1,300°C). In this work a novel zinc oxide-based material with a low sintering temperature (900-1,000°C) was investigated. This material can be used in varistors consisting of several ceramic layers with embedded silver/palladium thick-film electrodes. This paper explains the research procedure employed with this novel varistor material, including the effect of sintering aid addition on the final electrical properties and fired microstructure. The electrical properties achieved are compared to the values measured from the original zinc oxide composition without sintering aid addition. Especially the I-V characteristics, nonlinearity coefficient !, breakdown voltage V bk and leakage current density J L are investigated. The sintering properties are also reported. It was found that by adding 10 wt.% of glass and using a 900°C sintering temperature, the material had good varistor characteristics, as V bk =378 V/mm, !=33 and J L =15 μA/cm 2 . The investigated varistor material can be applied to protect electrical circuits against surges.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10][11][12]15]. However, the low-temperature sintered composition here researched with 10 wt.% of glass PZB showed V bk value low enough for low voltage applications [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural and electrical properties of multicomponent varistor ceramics with PbO–ZnO–B2O3 glass addition

et al. 2007

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“…Entre tales óxidos se encuentran el de praseodimio y otras tierras raras, el de bario, e incluso los de cationes pequeños como el vanadio (32)(33)(34)(35)(36), aunque éste último no entra en la red del ZnO no por su tamaño sino porque forma fases secundarias activas en la interfase de los granos de ZnO. Pero sin duda el que mejor contribuye a la formación del comportamiento varistor ("varistor forming dopant") es mitad de las tetraédricas desocupadas, que va a facilitar tanto la incorporación de dopantes externos a la red como la difusión de sus propios defectos intrínsecos.…”

Section: Papel De Los Dopantes: Sistema Base Zno-bi 2 O 3 -Sb 2 Ounclassified

Varistores cerámicos basados en óxido de cinc

Peiteado¹

2005

Bol. Soc. Esp. Ceram. Vidr.

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Los varistores basados en ZnO son dispositivos electrocerámicos caracterizados por una elevada respuesta eléctrica no lineal, que se origina en una microestructura funcional con unas características bien definidas. En el presente artículo de revisión se examina como ha tenido lugar el desarrollo de estos materiales desde su descubrimiento a principios de los años 70. No obstante, a pesar del importante avance tecnológico registrado desde entonces, numerosos aspectos básicos relacionados con su microestructura funcional siguen siendo discutidos a día de hoy.Palabras Clave: varistor, ZnO, dopantes, microestructura, procesamiento, propiedades eléctricas. Zinc oxide-based ceramic varistorsZnO-based varistors are electroceramic devices with an extremely high non-linear electrical response, originated on a functional microstructure with well defined characteristics. In the present paper the development of these materials since its discovery in the earlier seventies is reviewed. In spite of the important technological progress achieved, several essential features of its functional microstructure remain however unsolved. : varistor, ZnO, dopants, microstructure, processing, electrical properties. Keywords INTRODUCCIÓN Dispositivos protectores frente a sobretensionesEsencialmente un varistor es un resistor de impedancia variable que presenta un elevado comportamiento no lineal intensidad-voltaje. Este hecho los convierte en materiales adecuados para la protección frente a sobretensiones transitorias, entendiendo como tal un aumento no permanente del potencial eléctrico por encima del umbral de tolerancia de la tensión nominal de trabajo de un determinado sistema (1). En circuitos eléctricos las sobretensiones transitorias se presentan como resultado de una repentina liberación de energía, que bien puede haberse acumulado en el interior del propio circuito y ser liberada por una acción de conexión-desconexión del mismo, o bien puede provenir del exterior y ser inyectada o acoplada en el circuito por una acción ajena al propio diseño del circuito (1-3). Su tiempo de acción es muy corto, del orden de millonésimas de segundo. Las redes de suministro eléctrico que generan, transportan y distribuyen la energía eléctrica, las líneas telefónicas y de datos, y en general todos los equipos, máquinas y dispositivos electrónicos que operan bajo la acción de la corriente eléctrica, se encuentran expuestos a la aparición de sobretensiones transitorias que pueden provocar desde colapsos temporales prácticamente indetectables, hasta la completa destrucción de instalaciones y equipos. El problema ha recibido una mayor atención en los últimos años por el empleo masivo de componentes electrónicos y dispositivos miniaturizados en estado sólido, que son altamente sensibles a las variaciones de tensión (4-6). En la práctica y dependiendo de la aplicación, diferentes sistemas de protección se disponen entre tierra y los conductores activos, individualmente o combinados, de manera que el comportamiento limitador del circuito se acerque lo máx...

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“…In addition to larger exciton binding energy, the ability to grow the single crystal substrates makes the material more promising. The new perspectives of ZnO include blue/UV optoelectronics, transparent electronics, spintronics, and sensors [2,3]. In recent years, rare earth (RE) doped oxide semiconductors (e.g., ZnO, SnO 2 ) have been the focus of numerous investigations because of their short luminescence life time, cathodoluminescence, electro-luminescence, and possibility to tune the emission properties with crystallite size [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intense violet–blue emission and paramagnetism of nanocrystalline Gd3+ doped ZnO ceramics

et al. 2015

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Nanocrystalline Zn 1x Gd x O (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08) ceramics were synthesized by ball milling and subsequent solid-state reaction. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrograph of as synthesized samples revealed the formation of crystallites with an average diameter of 60 nm, and the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern confirmed the formation of wurtzite structure. A red shift in the band gap was observed with increasing Gd 3+ concentration. The photoluminescence of nanocrystalline Gd 3+ doped ZnO exhibited a strong violet-blue emission. Concentration dependence of the emission intensity of Gd 3+ in ZnO was studied, and the critical concentration was found to be 4 mol% of Gd 3+ . The Gd 3+ doped ZnO exhibited paramagnetic behavior at room temperature, and the magnetic moment increased with Gd 3+ concentration.

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Microstructure and Current–Voltage Characteristics of Multicomponent Vanadium‐Doped Zinc Oxide Varistors

Cited by 86 publications

References 34 publications

Microstructural and electrical properties of multicomponent varistor ceramics with PbO–ZnO–B2O3 glass addition

Microstructural and electrical properties of multicomponent varistor ceramics with PbO–ZnO–B2O3 glass addition

Varistores cerámicos basados en óxido de cinc

Intense violet–blue emission and paramagnetism of nanocrystalline Gd3+ doped ZnO ceramics

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